Histological Study of the Possible Therapeutic Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma on the Healing of Second Degree Skin Burn and Prevention of Scar Formation in Adult Male Albino Rat

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of histology-faculty of medicine-Tanta university

2 Histology department, Faculty of medicine, Tanta University

3 Histology department,faculty of medicine tanta university

4 Histology department-Tanta Faculty of Medicine

5 Histology department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University

Abstract

Introduction: Burn is a skin injury causing hypertrophic scars. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents a therapeutic method used for wound healing.
Aim of the Work: To study the possible therapeutic effect of PRP on healing of second-degree skin burn and scar formation.
Materials and Methods: This study was done on 70 adult male albino rats, randomly divided into three main groups; I, II & III. Group I included 30 rats that were randomly divided equally into three subgroups; I-A (for blood collection), I-B (control group kept without treatment) and I-C (control group which received a single subcutaneous injection of PRP, then skin specimens were obtained after 1week and 4weeks). Group II included 20 rats in which second-degree burn was induced by heated metal rod then subdivided into 2 equal subgroups; II-A (examined after 1week) and II-B (examined after 4weeks). Group III included 20 rats in which second-degree burn was induced then the rats were immediately treated locally by one subcutaneous injection of 0.4ml of PRP and further subdivided into two equal subgroups; III-A (examined after 1week) and III-B (examined after 4weeks). Skin specimens were examined using light microscopy (H&E, toluidine blue, Mallory’s trichrome, anti α SMA and CD34 immunostaining) and electron microscopy.
Morphometric study and statistical analysis were done to measure mean epidermal thickness, mean collagen area percentage and mean color intensity of α SMA and CD34 immunoreaction.
Results: In comparison to the untreated subgroups II-A and II-B, both treated subgroups III-A and III-B exhibited enhanced healing and accelerated scar maturation respectively that was more prominent after four weeks from PRP injection.
Conclusion: PRP is effective in healing and scar maturation of second-degree skin burn.

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