The Histological and Hormonal Effects of Irisin on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Letrozole in Adult Female Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Anatomy and histology, university of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

2 Department of basic Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

3 Anatomy and histology department, Veterinary Medicine College, University of Basrah

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal status that impacts around 10% of women globally. PCOS is associated with multiple health conditions and there is currently no cure available.
Aim of the Work: This study aims to evaluate the effects of irisin on female rats with letrozole-induced PCOS.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-one female rats have been divided into three groups. The negative control group (n=7, CMC), received carboxymethyl celluose (CMC) at a dose of 0.5 mg per 100 ml distilled water by oral gavage, and PCOS group ( n=7, PCOS) received letrozole that dissolved of (CMC) at a dose of 1 mg per kg\body weight by oral gavage. In addition, a treatment group (n=7: Letrozole +Irisin) females rats received letrozole orally for 21 days. In addition to Irisin injection intra peritoneal (IP). The generalization of PCOS ended for 21 days, and the Irisin treatment continued for 4 weeks. All rats were selected in the estrous phase depended on vaginal smears. The effects of irisin on PCOS were evaluated by vaginal smear investigation, histological analysis, and measuring the levels of sex hormone (Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Testosterone), along with insulin levels.
Results: According to the study, irisin showed improvements in the estrus cycle. Histological investigation revealed that letrozole elicited the development of polycystic ovary syndrome in the PCOS group, resulting in multiple cysts in the cortical structures of the ovaries. Irisin treatment led to an increase in serum FSH levels and a significant decrease in testosterone levels when compared to the PCOS group.
Conclusion: It concluded by these findings that irisin can enhance ovarian histological structure and regulate sex hormones involved in PCOS pathogenesis to enhance the estrous cycle, which can be beneficial in PCOS therapy.

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