Efficacy of Hyaluronic acid against Cyclophosphamide Toxic Effects on the Urinary Bladder of Adult Male Albino Rat (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used potent antineoplastic drug. Cyclophosphamide has many genitourinary side effects including cystitis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is used in many types of cystitis as ketamine induced cystitis and interstitial cystitis as it is known to be well-tolerated and clinically safe.
Aim of the Work: This work aimed to evaluate the role of intravesical injection of hyaluronic acid in ameliorating cyclophosphamide toxic effects on the urinary bladder of adult male albino rats.
Material and Methods: Forty adults males albino rats were used, ages from 6-8 month, weighing from 200 -250 gm. Rats were randomly divided into equal four groups:
Group I (Control group): Rats of this group were further subdivided equally into:
- Ia: rats received food and water only for 14 days.
- Ib: each rat was intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 ml saline daily for 14 days. Group II (HA group): each rat was intravesically injected with 0.5 mL hyaluronic acid daily for 14 days. Group III (CP group): each rat was intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg/day of cyclophosphamide for 14 days. Group IV (HA+ CP group): each rat was intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide as in group III and intravesically injected with hyaluronic acid as in group II.
Results: Cyclophosphamide administration induced marked histological changes of rats’ urinary bladders in the form of lost mucosal folds, focal ulcerations, inflammatory reaction in the lamina propria and decreased collagen content while, administration of cyclophosphamide concomitant with intravesical injection of hyaluronic acid showed regular histological structure of rats’ urinary bladders, intact mucosa, slight inflammation of lamina propria and proper amount of collagen fibers.
Conclusion: Intravesical injection of hyaluronic ameliorates cyclophosphamide toxic effects on the urinary bladder of adult male albino rats.