Possible Synergistic Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma and Losartan on Experimentally Induced Skeletal Muscle Injury in Adult Male Albino Rats: A Histological and an Immunohistochemical Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant lecturer of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria.

2 Professor of Histology and Cell Biology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University

3 Histology and cell biology department, Faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Egypt

4 Alexandria Faculty of medicine

Abstract

Introduction: Minimization of the disability after skeletal muscle injuries is still a challenge. Understanding of the contribution of growth factors has sparked a lot of interest in platelet-rich plasma therapy (PRP).Another line of treatment is the usage of anti-fibrotic agents as losartan.
Aim of the Work: Was to test the therapeutic effect of PRP, losartan and their combined treatment on skeletal muscle injury.
Materials and Methods: Forty two adult male albino rats were distributed into 2 groups: Group I (Control uninjured group) and Group ΙΙ (Treated injured rats’ group). The latter was further subdivided into 4 equal subgroups and received: no treatment, single intramuscular injection of 100 μL PRP, single dose of 10 mg/kg/day losartan by oral gavage, and combined treatment of PRP and losartan respectively. The rats were sacrificed and light and electron microscopy were performed to examine the specimens of gastrocnemius muscle. In addition, immunohistochemical staining for CD 34 was performed.
Results: Subgroup IIA showed interrupted muscle fibers with focal areas of myofibrillar loss. Meanwhile, subgroups IIB and IIC revealed more regenerative changes. Evident hypercellularity with variable migrating cells were detected. In addition, neovascularization in some areas of subgroup IIC was noticed. Subgroup IID showed renewed muscle fibers in different stages with few structural changes. The results of the immuno-stained samples showed a positive reaction along the boundaries of some muscle fibers in subgroup IIA. Whereas the positive reaction in IIB, IIC and IID subgroups extended to the lateral borders and within some affected fibers and around the new pale nuclei, expressing advanced muscle regeneration.
Conclusions: After a muscle contusion, a combination of PRP and losartan treatment may enhance overall skeletal muscle recovery.

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