Cardio-Renal Protective Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle in Preventing Histopathological Lesions, and Collagen Deposition Produced From Lead Acetate Injection in Vivo: Light Microscopic Examination

Introduction: Lead, worldly is the most environmental pollutants that caused many health problems and affect all biological systems through exposure to air, water, and food sources.
Aim of the Work: The aimed of our study is to evaluate protective effect of cerium oxide nanoparticle against toxicity of lead acetate in mice cardio-renal tissues using histopathological study.
Materials and Methods: Forty male Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups as follows (1) control group, oral received distilled water (1ml/kg.bw); (2) lead treated group, animal injected interpertoneal by lead acetate at dose (150 mg /kg b.w, once); (3) cerium treated group: animals were given orally with cerium oxide nanoparticles at dose (0.5 mg/ kg, a and (4) cerium-lead treated group: animals given orally cerium oxide nanoparticles (0.5 mg/ kg bw) one hour prior injection of lead acetate(150 mg /kg bw). Renal and cardiac tissues were removed for histopathological and collagen deposition examinations.
Results: Histopathological examinations revealed that treatment with lead acetate induced loss of architecture in both cardiac and renal tissues as evidenced by marked degenerative change in cardomyocyte, and glomeruli as well as congested dilated blood vessels, hemorrhage and lymphocytic cells aggregation compared to control group. While, pretreatment with cerium oxide nanoparticle prior lead acetate injection resulted in inhibition the histopathological lesions and injury in cardio-renal tissues induced by lead acetate treatment. In addition to, it also prevented collagen deposition observed in lead group compared to control group.
Conclusion: In conclusions, the administration of cerium oxide nanoparticle could suppress the cytotoxicity of lead acetate and could combat tissue injury in cardio-renal tissues caused by lead acetate toxicity.