Light and Electron Microscopic Study on the Possible Protective Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Pituitary- Thyroid Axis Exposed to Monosodium Slutamate in Adult Male Albino Rats

Noya, Dalia Abd Elrazik; Soliman, Mona Abd Elmawla; Bashandi, Manar Aly

doi:10.21608/ejh.2021.68994.1449

Light and Electron Microscopic Study on the Possible Protective Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Pituitary- Thyroid Axis Exposed to Monosodium Slutamate in Adult Male Albino Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ histology and cell biology department faculty of medicine menoufia university

² Histology&Cell biology department, faculty of medicine, menoufia university

³ department of anatomy and emberyology, faculty of medicine, menoufia university ,shebin el kom ,egypt

10.21608/ejh.2021.68994.1449

Abstract

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate is one of our new high-tech food additives. Nowadays, use of natural antioxidant as pomegranate peel extract has become an attractive therapeutic strategy for reducing the risk of disease.
Aim of Work: This study was designed to assess the effects of MSG on the pituitary thyroid axis and the possible protective role of pomegranate peel extract.
Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I: (control) that was subdivided into two subgroups: I A, and I B. Group II (MSG treated) received MSG at a dose of (6mg/g./day). Group III (MSG & Pomegranate peel treated) received PPE &MSG as same dose as subgroup I B and group II. At the end of the experiment, pituitary and thyroid glands were dissected out and processed for biochemical, histological, immune-histochemical, and electron microscopic studies.
Results: MSG caused thyroid follicles distortion and degeneration. Follicular cells possessed vacuolated cytoplasm, and pyknotic nuclei. Decreased colloids & inflammatory infiltrates were detected. By E/M, follicular cells showed dilated RER cisternae, degenerated mitochondria, & depleted microvilli. While, basophils of pituitary gland appeared degenerated with vacuolated cytoplasm. By E/M, thyrotrophs showed dilated RER cisternae, dilated Golgi apparatus, and degenerated mitochondria. There was a highly significant decrease (P value˂0.001) in the mean serum level of T3, T4 and TSH in Group II as compared with group I. While group III showed a highly significant increase (P value˂0.001) in the same parameter as compared with group II. The administration of PPE induced improvements of these changes.
Conclusion: This work demonstrated that pomegranate peel extract improves the histological & biochemical changes induced by MSG on the pituitary thyroid axis.

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