A Histological Study on The Effect of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suspended in Hyaluronic Acid on Articular Cartilage of Osteoarthritic Knee joint of Adult Male Albino Rat

Abd Alhalim, Hend Ibrahim; Sarhan, Naglaa; Laag, Essam Mahmoud

doi:10.21608/ejh.2020.50821.1387

A Histological Study on The Effect of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suspended in Hyaluronic Acid on Articular Cartilage of Osteoarthritic Knee joint of Adult Male Albino Rat

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

² Histology Faculty of Medicine Tanta Univ.

³ Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

10.21608/ejh.2020.50821.1387

Abstract

Introduction: Current treatment strategies of osteoarthritis (OA) are restricted to short-term symptomatic relief by medical therapy. There is increasing evidence that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) represent a novel treatment for cartilage regeneration.
Aim of the Work: Is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of BM-MSCs on the experimentally induced OA in the knee joint of adult male albino rat.
Materials and Methods: Fifty five adult male albino rats were used and divided into five groups. Group I served as a control group. Group II for harvesting BM-MSCs from the tibia and femur. Group III for induction of OA by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) to be sacrificed after 2 weeks from induction. Group IV: Hyaluronic acid (HA) was injected in both normal knees to be examined after 4 and 8 weeks of injection of HA. Group V: Knee joint OA was induced as in group III. After 2 weeks, rats were injected with BM-MSCs suspended in HA (MSCs HA) in their knees. Knee joint specimens were examined after 4 and 8 weeks of MSCs-HA injection. Knee joint specimens were processed for histological study and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory trichrome and fast green Safranin O stains. For immunohistochemical study, the number of CD44 positive chondrocytes was evaluated and the obtained morphological data were statistically analyzed.
Results: OA knees treated with MSCs-HA showed well evidenced repair of the articular cartilage by hyaline-like cartilage in association with significant increase in the number of CD44 positive chondrocytes.
Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of in vitro expanded BM-MSCs suspended in HA promotes articular cartilage repair by hyaline-like cartilage in MIA induced OA.

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