Effect of Vitamin C Administration 24 Hours After 5-Fluorouracil Versus its Concomitant Administration on Cellular Proliferation, Cell Death and Lipid Peroxidation in WI-38 Human Fibroblast Cell Line

Obeid, Raneem F.; Elsharkawy, Radwa T.; El-kammar, Hala A.

doi:10.21608/ejh.2020.40744.1345

Effect of Vitamin C Administration 24 Hours After 5-Fluorouracil Versus its Concomitant Administration on Cellular Proliferation, Cell Death and Lipid Peroxidation in WI-38 Human Fibroblast Cell Line

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ lecturer of oral biology, faculty of dentistry . future university in Egypt

² lecturer of oral biology, faculty of dentistry , future university in Egypt

³ Associate professor of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt.

10.21608/ejh.2020.40744.1345

Abstract

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a routine anticancer agent for several cancer types, its short half-life requires continuous administration in high doses. This results in toxic side-effects to the normal tissues in the body. Vitamin C is an antioxidant which believed to impart cyto-protection to normal tissues in cancer patients treated with chemotherapeutic drugs.
Aim of the Study: To assess the potential benefit of vitamin C administration 24 hours after 5-FU treatment compared to its immediate supplementation on normal fibroblast cell line.
Materials and Methods: Fibroblast cell line (WI-38) was divided into 5 groups. Group I not treated (control group), group II treated with 5-FU only and group III received vitamin C only. Groups IV and V received 5-FU with vitamin C simultaneously and after 24 hours of 5-FU administration, respectively. The viability of cells in all groups was determined using MTT assay. MDA Quantification Assay was used to determine lipid peroxidation. Flow cytometry was used for evaluation of the cell cycle and cell death. All recorded data was statistically analyzed.
Results: Cells in group IV seems like group II fewer and rounded while in group V some of them adherent spindle and the others rounded non-adherent. The least viability was noted in group II. MDA levels were significantly lower in groups III compared to all the other groups. Cell cycle analysis revealed the presence of statistically significant differences between groups in different phases of the cycle. Flowcytometry analysis showed the highest apoptosis in groups II and IV.
Conclusion: Co-treatment of normal fibroblasts with vitamin C along with 5-FU reduces cell death and lipid peroxidation while enhancing viability and proliferation in treated fibroblasts, indicating healing and repair. Vitamin C administration 24 hours after 5-FU is more effective in reducing cell death and lipid peroxidation compared to its concomitant administration with 5-FU.

Keywords