Gastroprotective effect of selenium nanoparticles in indomethacin-induced chronic gastritis in adult male albino rats: a histological, immumohistochemical and biochemical study

Abstract
Background: Chronic gastritis is a major health problem affecting a large percentage of population, despite being often manifested by subtle and unnoticed symptoms, it is a predisposing factor of gastric ulcers and carcinoma. NSAIDs, being used by several patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, is considered as a leading and challenging cause of chronic irritation and inflammation of gastric epithelium. Material & Methods: 24 adult male albino rats were equally allocated into 4 groups, group I (control): received no manipulation, group II (Indomethacin): received 4mg/kg intra gastric indomethacin, once daily for 12 weeks, in order to induce chronic gastritis, group III (sham): received indomethacin + concomitant daily intra peritoneal injection of saline solution, group IV (Indomethacin+SeNps): received daily intragastric indomethacin + concomitant daily intra peritoneal injection of 1 mg/kg selenium nanoparticles (SeNps) for 12 weeks. Gastric tissue obtained after sacrifaction of rats was subjected to routine Hx&E staining, immunohistochemical staining with CD3 and CD8 antibodies, in addition to detection of tissue levels of Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) enzymes. Results: Indomethacin group elicited histopathological features of chronic gastritis, significant increase in CD3 and CD8 lymphocytes, whereas SeNps group showed improved histological appearance of mucosal gastric glands, decreased expression of CD3 and CD8 cells and marked elevation in SOD and CAT levels compared to indomethacin group. Conclusion: We concluded that selenium nanoparticles can play a protective role against NSAIDs induced chronic gastritis via modulating CD3 and CD8 lymphocytes, in addition to affecting tissue levels of oxidative stress enzymes..