Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201The Possible Protective Role of Pumpkin Seed Oil in Ameliorating Tongue Mucosal Damage Induced by Orlistat in Adult Male Albino Rats: A Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study9759877743710.21608/ejh.2020.25027.1258ENAmira AdlyKassabHistology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine,Tanta University, Egypt0000-0002-3518-569XKhalid Ahmed AhmedMoustafaHistology Department,Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University0000-0002-0613-7310Amal AliAbd-El-HafezHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine Tanta UniversityJournal Article20200302Background: Orlistat is an effective anti-obesity drug by reducing fat absorption. The oral cavity and its associated structures are target organs for many abnormalities that develop from orlistat. Pumpkin seed oil (PSO) is a valuable nutritional and health protective agent with prominent pharmacological properties.<br />Aim: Evaluation of the possible protective role of pumpkin seed oil in ameliorating tongue mucosal damage induced by orlistat in adult male albino rats.<br />Materials and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were used as a control group, an orlistat group and an orlistat-pumpkin group. Both orlistat (32mg/kg) and PSO (1.5ml/kg) were given orally once daily for four weeks. Specimens of the tongue were processed for light and scanning electron microscopic studies. Immunohistochemical study was performed using anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies.<br />Results: Specimens of the orlistat group showed an obvious distortion in the filiform and the fungiform papillae and in the covering epithelium of the tongue mucosa. There was a focal loss of the papillae and the epithelial ridges. The epithelial cells showed vacuolated cytoplasm and nuclear alteration. The lamina propria contained congested blood vessels and severe inflammatory cellular infiltration. There was a statistically significant decrease in the epithelial thickness, papillae height, papillae width and in the PCNA-immunoreaction of the epithelium. Scanning electron microscopy showed disfigurement and a focal atrophy of the filiform and the fungiform papillae. In contrast, minimal changes appeared in orlistat-pumpkin group that received PSO before orlistat.<br />Conclusion: Orlistat induced significant structural alterations in the tongue mucosa of albino rats. PSO attenuated these effects and preserved the structure of the tongue mucosa.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Collagen Hydrolysate Against Fluvoxamine Maleate-Induced Osteoporosis in Albino Rats: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study98810077660610.21608/ejh.2020.22975.1239ENSeham Abd ElhamidElkalawyHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, EgyptMaha MohamedAbo GaziaHistology department Faculty of Medicine,Khafrelskeikh University,
Khafrelskeikh, EgyptSally AhmedAbd Elaziz ElekhtiarHistology Department,
Faculty of Medicine,
Kafrelsheikh University,
Kafrelsheikh, EgyptDalia Ibrahim IsmailHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0001-6514-1531Journal Article20200125Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent degenerative bone disease among patients receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as fluvoxamine maleate (FM). Collagen hydrolysate (CH) is a nutritional component that has antiresorptive effect.<br />Aim of Work: Evaluate the possible protective effect of CH against FM-induced OP in adult male albino rats.<br />Material and Methods: Thirty six rats were divided into 4 groups; group I (control), group II (OP group): injected with FM daily for 4 weeks, group III (CH group): received FM concomitant with oral CH for 4 weeks, group IV (recovery group]: received only FM for 4 weeks & were left without taking any drugs for another 4 weeks. Total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium (ca+2) were measured. Bone specimens from the right femurs and first lumbar vertebrae were processed for H&E stain, Mallory's trichrome stain and immunohistochemical staining for osteopontin (OPN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). This was followed by morphometric & statistical analysis.<br />Results: Both groups II & IV showed significant elevation in ALP & reduction in Ca+2 compared to control. Bone sections revealed evident histological changes; osteocytes with pyknotic nuclei inside widened lacuna, widened haversian canals. Bone matrix showed fain areas, cavitations & multiple resorption cavities with osteoclasts. There was significant reduction in the mean thickness of compact bone, the mean area of trabecular bone, area % of OPN & mean number of PCNA +ve cells compared to control. Group III exhibited significant reduction in ALP & elevation in Ca+2. The bone showed preserved histological architecture almost as the control. There was significant increase in the mean thickness of compact bone, the mean area of trabecular bone, area % of OPN & mean number of PCNA +ve cells compared to groups II & IV.<br />Conclusion: CH has a potential osteoprotective effect against FM-induced osteoporosisEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Trio-clar Versus Portulaca Oleracea and/or Foeniculum Vulgare Extracts on Induced Gastric Ulcer in Adult Female Albino Rats. A Histological Study1008103315275210.21608/ejh.2020.24868.1256ENAmany MesbahMohammed AliHistology alazhar universitySoad KamalAbd-ElgwwadDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptRehab Abd AllahHasanDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptMona MohamedAbd-ElgalilDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20210301Introduction: Gastric ulcer is a complex disease affecting the stomach. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common cause of gastric ulcers. Drugs used in gastric treatment induce side effects and drug interactions. Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane), Foeniculum Vulgare Mill (Fennel) are herbal remedies having gastro-protective effects.<br />Aim of work: To assess the cytoprotective effects of trio-clar versus fennel and ∕or purslane on aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in adult female albino rats.<br />Materials and Methods: Forty-two adult female albino rats were divided into three main groups. Group I (control group). Group II (gastric ulcer), overnight fasted rats received aspirin solution (300 mg/kg/day) orally by gastric tube. GroupIIIincorporated as the treated gastric ulcer group that was subdivided equally into four subgroups. GIIIa: gastric ulcer treated with Trio-clar. GIIIb: gastric ulcer treated with purslane extract at dose 750 mg ∕ kg. GIIIc: gastric ulcer treated with fennel extract at a dose of 300 mg ∕ kg. GIIId: gastric ulcer treated with a combined dose of purslane and fennel extract. Fundus of stomach specimens was prepared and examined using different histological techniques.<br />Results: Light microscopic study of the gastric ulcer group depicted severe mucosal injury in the form of ulcerative erosion, dilated distorted glandular architecture, damage of parietal and chief cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei, congested blood vessels and inflammatory cellular infiltration. A reduction of combined Alcian blue and Periodic-Acid-Schiff reaction coupled to a significant increase in area percentage of collagen fibers observed upon aspirin administration. The ultrastructural assessment confirmed these distortions. The treated groups showed different degrees of improvement in the histological changes depicted previously with priority to the combined administration of purslane and fennel extracts.<br />Conclusion: Combined administration of purslane and fennel was more effective in enhancing the healing process than either purslane, fennel alone or trio-clar drug.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Modulation of Monosodium Glutamate Induced Histological Injuries, Histomorphometrical Alterations and DNA Damage in the Mice Hepatic and Renal Tissues by Oral Administration Nano-Cerium Oxide and L-arginine and their Combination103410467619810.21608/ejh.2020.23155.1244ENSherin RHamadhistopathARology in NODAChttps://orcid.org/00Hanan RHamadzoology department in cairo univerityJournal Article20200129Background: Monosodium glutamate is widely used as flavor enhancer/food additive. Many studies confirmed toxicity of monosodium glutamate even if in low concentrations especially in hepatic and renal organs. Therefore, our study aimed to examine ameliorative role of Nano-cerium oxide and L-arginine and their combination on the hepatic and renal toxicity induced by monosodium glutamate.
Materials and Methods: Fifty mice were divided into five groups; 1st group served as control group; 2nd group treated oral with monosodium glutamate; animals of the 3rd group were administrated with monosodium glutamate and L-arginine. The 4th group was treated with monosodium glutamate and Nano-cerium oxide; and mice of the 5th group were treated with monosodium glutamate, L-arginine and Nano-cerium oxide. After 14 days, hepatic and renal tissues were removed for histological and histomorphometrical examinations<br />Results: Histological examination revealed hepatic and renal damages for animals treated with monosodium glutamate as well as highly significant declining of DNA content compared to control group. Administration of Nano-cerium oxide or L-argentine alone induced ameliorations of the hepatic and renal injuries induced by administration of monosodium glutamate but some pathological alterations still present. It also caused moderate improvement in the DNA content but still not reaches to normal value. Combined administration of Nano-cerium oxide and L-arginine caused marked ameliorations of the hepatic and renal changes induced by monosodium glutamate.<br />Conclusions: The combined uses of L-arginine and Nano-cerium oxide more effective in preventing the hepatic and renal toxicity induced by monosodium glutamate in male albino rats than when they uses separatelyEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Light and Electron Microscopic Study on the Possible Protective Effect of Melatonin on Formaldehyde Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Albino Rats104710587020010.21608/ejh.2020.19282.1199ENLamya Abd El SalamAnatomy department, College of Medicine, Jouf University and Anatomy and Embryology department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University0000-0001-8670-2596Journal Article20191109Background: Formaldehyde is a chemical compound used in industrial field and hospitals. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone released by the pineal gland. Melatonin has an antioxidant effects. This work aimed to detect the abnormal histological changes in the testis of adult albino rats induced by formaldehyde and the possible protective role of using a melatonin drug in combination with formaldehyde.<br />Material and Methods: Thirty adult albino rats weighing 180-220 gm were divided into three groups; Group I (control): Rats of this group were intraperitoneally injected with 5% ethanol once every other day for one month. Group II (Formaldehyde treated group): Rats were intraperitoneally injected with formaldehyde at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight once every other day for one month. Group III (Formaldehyde and melatonin treated group): Rats were intraperitoneally injected with formaldehyde at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight and after one hour they were intraperitoneally injected with melatonin at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. Both drugs were injected once every other day for one month. The rats were sacrified, the testes were dissected, processed for light microscopy using) H&E ,Masson’s trichrome, PAS(, electron microscope, morphometric and statistical measurements were also done.<br />Results: Examination of formaldehyde treated rats revealed thickening of tunica albuginea, tubular degeneration, loss of normal architecture of tubules, marked increase in the collagen fibers deposition, degenerated nuclei with indented and thickened nuclear envelope, ballooned mitochondria, karyolitic nucleus of a head of a sperm. Rats treated with melatonin together with formaldehyde showed obvious improvement in the previous alterations.<br />Conclusion: It could be concluded that formaldehyde induced histological alterations in the testis of albino rats that could be improved by using melatonin, so, it is essential to supply workers in anatomy department and food industries with melatonin but the human application needs further studies to adjust the dose and the route of administrationEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations of Oreochromis Niloticus Fish Related to Heavy Metals in Lake Nasser, Egypt105910697107510.21608/ejh.2020.23337.1246ENNasr MohamedAhmedNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, EgyptHala ElshahatGhannamNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, EgyptSafaa IsmailTayelNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, EgyptMohamed YahyaMohamedNational Institute of Oceanography and FisheriesJournal Article20200201Introduction: Lake Nasser is the one of the longest man-made lakes in the world. The surface area and water level of the lake are depending mainly on the annual flow of flood water comes from the Blue Nile from the Ethiopian highlands, it is a major source used for drinking irrigation, fisheries and other domestic purposes.<br />Material and methods: Fish samples were collected from five stations in lake Nasser including Khor Forgond, Khor Toushka west, Khor Ahmer, Garf Hussen and Khor Ebreem during summer 2019. The determination of blood serum glucose, total protein, albumin, total lipids, creatinine, urea, uric acid AST and ALT were carried. Also, the accumulation of iron, manganese, copper, zinc and cadmium in liver, gills and muscle organs of collected Oreochromis niloticus fish from the above stations were determined. In addition to, the same studied organs were histopathologically examined.<br />Aim of the work: This study aim to investigate the impact of the environmental pollution of Lake Nasser on histology of liver, gills and muscles and biochemical parameters of a commercially important O. niloticus fish and that living in this lake Nasser<br />Results and Discussion: The results of the present study exhibited increased levels of glucose, lipid, AST, ALT, urea, uric acid and creatinine, while decreased total protein in blood serum of O. niloticus fish samples at Garf Hussen site. Heavy metals accumulations in O. niloticus fish organs at area under investigation were in following descending order: iron> zinc> manganese> cadmium> copper. While, heavy metals accumulations according to organs were in following descending order: liver > gills>muscle. It was found that the metals accumulation in non-edible organ (liver) more than that in edible organ (muscles), the concentration of heavy metals in the studied fish tissues is dependent upon the type organ as well as the type of metal and concentration of heavy metals in water. The accumulation of these heavy metals in the studied fish organs, give rise to histopathological alteration. These alterations including, hemorraghe, hemosidrin, edema, degeneration, necrosis and hyperplasiae, separation in secondary lamellae. We can concluded that fish samples collected from Garf Hussen were more effected than those obtained from other stations.<br />Conclusion: Oreochromis niloticus samples collected from Garf Hussen were more affected by heavy metals those obtained from other stations. But this impact was still within permissible limit. O. niloticus in lake Nasser is valid for human consumption without any negative effectEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Histological and Immunohisto-chemical Study of Toxic Effect of Gibberellic Acid Postnatally on Renal Cortex of Albino Rats107010867157310.21608/ejh.2020.21044.1214ENNancy HusseinyHuman Anatomy and Embryology department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt0000-0002-8497-0412Azza IsmaelFaragHuman anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig university ,Egypt.0000-0002-5507-6411Heba OsamaMohammedhuman anatomy and embryology,faculty of medicine,Zagazig University0000-0002-0944-6186Journal Article20191217Background: Gibberellic acid (GA3) is one of naturally occurring plant growth regulator, it is one of the family of "biocides" that are phyto-hormones with insecticidal effects. Most of nitrogenous wastes are eliminated through the two kidneys that in addition maintains blood volume, composition and pressure and keeps bone density.<br />Aim: To evaluate the histopathological effect GA3 on rat’s renal cortex postnatally in different ages (PND1, PND 7 and PND 21).<br />Material and Methods: Pregnant female albino rats (n=20) had been distributed into: control group and treated group, GA3 was administered from the 14th day of pregnancy to the 21st postnatal day at a dose of 55 mg/kg of body weight /day. After giving birth, the male pups of each group were randomly divided into three subgroups and were sacrificed at the (1 day), (7 days) and at (21 days). Animals were anaesthetized and sacrificed. Kidneys of pups born to control and treated mothers were obtained and processed for examination of oxidative stress marker, histological and immunohistochemical examination.<br />Results: Pups of GA3 treated mothers showed increase in urea, creatinine serum level and MDA level and decrease in CAT and GPX content. Moreover, histological examination of the kidneys of these pups revealed multiple atrophied immature forms of glomeruli, multiple congested blood capillaries, some renal tubules showed loss of some cells lining them and others with vacuolated cytoplasm. Statistically, GA3–treated groups at all age groups displayed a highly significant decrease in the mean cortical thickness than control groups. Moreover, the area percentage of collagen and of renal PCNA expression showed a significant increase with GA3 treatment of mothers.<br />Conclusion: Exposure of pregnant rats to GA3 in late pregnancy and during lactation induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in renal cortex of suckling pups.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Evidence for Mast Cells Activation in the Lung of Propionic Acid-Induced Autism-Like Rat Model (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)108710977379110.21608/ejh.2020.22000.1227ENEetmad ArafatHistology and cell biology department, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura university0000-0002-4984-3266Dalia Shabaanhistology and cell biology department, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura UnivesityJournal Article20200108Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a global health problem. Growing evidence suggests that high prevalence rates of different allergic conditions are associated with autism.<br />Aim of the Work: As mast cells are the main cells included in the pathophysiology of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, therefore, this study aimed to find scientific evidence for the association between propionic acid-induced ASD and mast cell activation in the lung.<br />Materials and Methods: Twenty rats (Two weeks-old) were randomly divided into two equal groups ten rats each; control group: rats were given SC injection of phosphate buffer saline (1ml) for five successive days and Propionic acid (PPA) treated group: rats were given (500 mg/kg/ day) SC for five successive days. By the end of two-months-old lungs were dissected and examined by histological and immunohistochemical methods.<br />Results: A significant increase in mast cell density, intact mast cells and degranulated cells were observed in PPA treated group compared with the control group. Thickened interalveolar septum with inflammatory cellular infiltration and congested blood vessels were observed. Most of mast cells were degranulated. Mast cells were found within the smooth muscle layers of respiratory bronchioles. A statistically significant increase in area percent of collagen was detected in PPA treated group in comparison to the control group. A significant increase in area percentage of IL-6 was also detected in PPA treated group in comparison to the control group.<br />Conclusion: The results are indicative that an increase in mast cell density was detected in PPA treated group. It was associated with lung fibrosis and increased area percentage of IL-6.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201The Effect of Atorvastatin on the Pancreas of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Resveratrol (Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study)109811147166110.21608/ejh.2020.21365.1218ENRania YassienDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin el Kom, Egypt.0000-0002-7754-2049Dalia El-ghazoulyDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin el Kom, Egypt.0000-0001-6532-9104Journal Article20191223Introduction: Hyperlipidaemia is a dangerous condition that may lead to atherosclerosis and various cardiovascular diseases. Different drugs are taken to reduce hyperlipidaemia such as Statins. Recently various side effects for statins have been detected clinically that actually restrict their prescription. Resveratrol is a natural phenol and is produced naturally by several plants and proved to have both antioxidant & anti-inflammatory actions.<br />Aim of the Study: This research has been aimed to investigate the effect of Atorvastatin on the pancreas and the probable protective action of Resveratrol.<br />Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups and were received drugs orally as a single daily dose for one week. Control group (I): received 1ml normal saline. Resveratrol group (II): received dose 30 mg/kg. Atorvastatin group (III): received dose 80 mg/Kg. Group IV: received Resveratrol concomitant with Atorvastatin with the same doses as pervious groups.<br />All rats were sacrificed one day following the last dose and blood samples were gathered for biochemical study of serum amylase and lipase. Pancreas specimens were obtained and processed for histological and immunohistochemical study.<br />Results: Atorvastatin-treated rats showed degeneration of pancreatic acini. The acinar cells showed cytoplasmic vacuoles with dilated RER and depleted zymogen granules. Also, inflammatory cell infiltration, dilated congested blood vessels with hemorrhage and marked deposition of collagen fibers were observed. The islets of Langerhans showed apparent reduced cells number. α cells and to more extent β cells revealed degeneration. The immunohistochemical results revealed marked increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase-3 expressions. The biochemical study revealed remarkable elevation in the serum amylase and lipase. The concomitant administration of Resveratrol with Atorvastatin minimizes these changes. Conclusion: Atorvastatin has been proved to induce pancreatic histological changes and these changes can be attenuated by Resveratrol when given concomitantly with it.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Possible Ameliorating Role of Ascorbic Acid on Intestinal Changes Induced by Acrylamide in Adult Female Albino Rats and Their Offsprings111511277229710.21608/ejh.2020.20059.1206ENAdel AboregelaHuman Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Bisha University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.https://orcid.org/00Amal IbrahimHuman anatomy and embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, EgyptNermin RaafatMedical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, EgyptNorhan SabbahMedical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, EgyptJournal Article20191206Background: Acrylamide (ACR) is a naturally occurring, widely used compound. Ingestion of large amounts of ACR underlies several health concerns and teratogenicity. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a strong reducing agent greatly used to clean free radicals. This study investigated the morphometric, histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical disturbances induced by acrylamide (10 mg/kg/day) via gavage in the intestine of rat mothers and their offsprings. As well as, the protective role of ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg/day) via gavage.<br />Materials and Methods: Forty adult pregnant female rats were divided into four groups; control, ascorbic acid, acrylamide and acrylamide+ascorbic acid. 10 randomly chosen offsprings of each group after weaning were also used. Histomorphometric analysis of intestinal wall and biochemical analysis of intestinal enzymes, oxidant antioxidant markers and some genes expression were performed.<br />Results: In both dams and offsprings, ACR resulted in mucosal hyperplasia with evident inflammatory infiltration in the villi. In addition, goblet cells and KI67 +ve cell numbers decreased in the dams however increased in offsprings. ACR decreased citrate synthase, glutathione and catalase levels in dams and increased β-glucuronidase and malonaldehyde levels in dams. In offsprings, level of alkaline phosphatase was reduced and β-glucuronidase was elevated. Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase mRNA expression was increased significantly with ACR ingestion. Ascorbic acid supplementation conserved the control status in the majority of conditions.<br />Conclusion: Acrylamide consumption during pregnancy and lactation is risky because of the induction of intestinal mucosal hyperplasia in rat offsprings. Ascorbic acid supplementation could reduce the harmful effects induced by ACR.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Impact of Sarcocystis Fusiformis Crude Antigen Administration on Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses of Wistar Rats112811427620110.21608/ejh.2020.22098.1229ENAbeer MBadrDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt0000-0003 -3503-663Asmaa Abd El KaderZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypy0000-0001-7945 -1610Marwa EShabanaDepartment of Pathology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptSomaya El DeebZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt0000-0002-1826-1503Kareem Morsy1-Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
2 -Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20200118Background: Sarcocystis fusiformis is an apicomplexan intracellular protozoan parasite that infects Indian water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, in Egypt.<br />Aim of the Work: The purpose of the study was to assess the changes in the immune parameters of male Wistar rats following their oral administration with thermally treated or fresh extract of Sarcocystis.<br />Materials and Methods: Sarcocysts were isolated from the esophageal muscle specimens that were collected from the slaughtered Indian water buffaloes. These cysts were morphologically described by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Rats (18 per group) were orally administered with; saline (control group), thermally treated cyst extract (heated group) or fresh cyst extract (fresh group). The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-12, IL-10, and IL-13 were measured on days 7, 14, and 28 post-administration. Cells positive for CD4, CD8, IgG, and the phosphorylated-NF-κB have been detected by the immunohistochemical technique at the end of the study.<br />Results: In both thymus and spleen, the area%, as well as the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in response to the fresh extract were significantly increased compared to the control group. On day 28, the fresh extract induced a significant increase in the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-15, IL-12, IL-10, and IL-13 while thermally treated extract was significantly elicited higher levels of IL-15, IL-12, and IL-13 in comparison to the control group. The number of positive splenocytes for phosphorylated-NF-κB was significantly higher in the fresh group than in the heated or control group. In response to fresh extract, the number of IgG+ cells was markedly increased in the follicular zone of the lymph node in comparison with controls.<br />Conclusion: The state at which the parasite extract was administered (fresh or thermally treated cysts) has an inherent influence on immune responses, both innate and adaptive.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Histologic Study of the Possible Protective Effect of Resveratrol Versus Resveratrol-Loaded Niosomes Against Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles-Induced Toxicity on Adult Rat Seminiferous Tubules114311617698810.21608/ejh.2020.23306.1245ENAmany AbdelmoneimSolaimanHistology and cell biology, faculty of medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptIman MohamedNabilHistology and cell biology, Faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt0009-0004-6202-2237Heba RamadanMedical biophysics, Medical research institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptAmira AbulfotoohEidDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University,Alexandria, EgyptJournal Article20200201Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are widely used in several fields and safety concerns about their potential reproductive hazards have been raised. Resveratrol (RES) was reported to protect against TiO2-NPs-induced toxicity through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, owing to its low bioavailability, resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles (RES-loaded niosomes) have been developed and were found to have higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.<br />Aim: To investigate the possible protective effect of RES versus RES-loaded niosomes against TiO2- NPs-induced toxicity on adult rat seminiferous tubules rats.<br />Materials and Methods: 60 adult male albino rats were divided into 6 equal groups that daily received distilled water, RES, RES-loaded niosomes, TiO2-NPs, TiO2-NPs in addition to RES, and TiO2-NPs in addition to RES-loaded niosomes, respectively for 90 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed; blood to measure testosterone, MDA and LDH and semen samples to evaluate sperm count were collected. Both testes were processed for light and electron microscopic examination.<br />Results: Administration of TiO2-NPs led to significantly lower testosterone level, sperm count and Johnsen score, significantly elevated MDA and LDH levels and degenerative changes in the seminiferous epithelium. Administration of RES with TiO2-NPs led to significant decrease in MDA and LDH levels than the group receiving only TiO2-NPs, but the levels were still significantly higher than the first three groups. Administration of RES-loaded niosomes with TiO2-NPs led to significant increase in serum testosterone, sperm count and Johnsen score and significant reduction in MDA and LDH levels together with apparent structural improvement of the seminiferous tubules on light and electron microscopic examination compared to the groups receiving TiO2-NPs and RES with TiO2-NPs.<br />Conclusion: RES-loaded niosomes possibly exerts a protective effect against TiO2-NPs-induced testicular damage and hence might play a role against nanoparticle-induced reproductive toxicity.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Effect of Acute Toxicity of Dimethoate on Some Organs of Mosquito Fish, Gambusia Affinis Hollobrokii116211693057510.21608/ejh.2019.10444.1099ENAhmed AlabssawyMarine Biology branch, Zoology Depart, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Hassan Khalaf-AllahMarine Biology branch, Zoology Depart, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20190317This study aimed to calculate the LC50 of Dimethoate in case of G. affinis hollobrokii as a result of exposure to different concentrations of Dimethoate (DM). The exposure was continued to 96h. with concentrations of 30, 60, 90 mg/L and control group. The results showed that the calculated LC50 of Dimethoate in case of G. affinis hollobrokii equal to 63.33 mg/L. The mortality increases with the increasing of concentrations.<br /><br />From investigate the histopathological alterations induced in some organs (gills, liver and Kidney) of Gambusia affinis hollobrokii as a result of exposure to 90 mg/L of Dimethoate (DM) and control group for 96h.. The microscopic examination of gill tissue of the fish exposed to 90 mg/L of Dimethoate pesticide showed hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the epithelial cells in secondary gill lamellae with partial oedema, lifting up epithelial layer, atrophy of the secondary lamella and congested blood vessels. <br />Liver tissue of the same group of fish showed that, the liver architecture was destroyed, congestion of blood vessels, fatty degeneration in hepatocytes and appearance of some necrotic areas. Kidney tissue showed degenerated renal tubules, severe congestion of the blood vessels, fluid stagnation in renal tubules, oedema, necrotic of renal tubular cells and macrophage leucocytes were also detected.<br /> <br />A total of 40 specimens of mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis hollobrokii with a good condition were obtained from El-Saidah Eisha at Cairo Governorate during April, 2015. Fish were transported to the fish laboratory at Animal House of Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University; in large plastic bag containing approximately 20 L of water and a lot of oxygen. In the laboratory, fish were acclimatized for one week in well aerated large glass tank (100x 50x 50 cm) and fed daily on a commercial fish diet ad libitum, before the beginning of the experiment.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Morphological Study of Larval Development and the Transition to Juvenile Stage in Thin-Lipped Mullet, Liza Ramada117011767089010.21608/ejh.2020.22769.1236ENMostafa A.Mousanational institute of oceanography and fisheriesNoha A.KhalilFish Reproduction Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt,Nawal M.El-GoharyFaculty of Science, Gazan University, KSAJournal Article20200120Introduction: The detailed description of larval and juvenile stages of L. ramada is so far lacking.<br />Aim of the Work: The present study aimed to describe larval development and the morphological transition to the juvenile stage in L. ramada after artificial spawning.<br />Material and Methods: In this study, we described early development of Liza ramada over the early rearing period of 63 days post-hatching.<br />Results: The newly hatched larvae have closed mouth and anus. At seven days post-hatching, the larvae have opened mouth and both yolk sac and oil globules disappeared. At 14 days, larvae have a distinct fins and increased skin pigmentation. At 21 days post-hatching, the larvae have variable coloration with more density. At 28 days post-hatching, the body depth of larvae increased and the stomach contains some food indicating the larval ability to digest external food. In 35 days-old larvae, the eyes become fully pigmented. At 42 days post-hatching, the larvae have high density of pigmentation all over the body and transparent caudal fin with rays. At 49 days post-hatching, the body of juvenile is distinctly elongated and laterally compressed with obvious scales. By 56 days post-hatching, the fish is covered with scales and well-developed rays. At 63 days post-hatching, the body becomes large and completely covered with scales and high density of pigmentation. The larvae begin transformation to juvenile stage at 42 days post-hatching and then finished the transformation at 63 days post-hatching. Importantly, the juvenile stage of L. ramada can be handled safely at 63 days post-hatching.<br />Conclusion: The juvenile’s production of L. ramada requires a period of 63.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Impact of Water Quality Changes on Hematological, Biochemical and Gonads Histology of Oreochromis Niloticus from Two Types of Water117711877107610.21608/ejh.2020.22152.1228ENMohamed YahyaMohamedNational Institute of Oceanography and FisheriesHala ElshahatGhannamNational Institute of Oceanography & FisheriesNasr MohamedAhmedNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20200113Background: There are many sources of water in fish farming. Most fish farms use the Nile River and agricultural drainage water in culture; it is the subject of research in this study.<br />Aim of the Study: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different sources of water on hematological, biochemical and gonads histology of Oreochromis niloticus.<br />Materials and Methods: Two fish farm Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) irrigate with different water sources supplied by fresh and drainage water. Fish and water samples were taken once biweekly during the study period to measure both Physico-chemical of water, and blood profile. At the end of the experiment, sample of 10 fish were taken from each types of water pond for measuring gonads histology.<br />Results: The results showed that, the highest values of pH, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate and decreased dissolved oxygen from drainage water. The results showed that, O. niloticus collected from drainage water recorded the highest values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, uric acid, creatinine cholesterol, and urea. Also, the mean concentrations of the biochemical parameters were high from drainage water compared to fresh water and detecting some changes of gonads histology of fish in drainage water.<br />Conclusion: From the results that were mentioned inferred that, the agricultural drainage water affected more than fresh water on hematology, biochemical parameters and gonads histology of fish O. niloticus.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943420201201Gastroprotective Activity of Olive Leaves Extract on 2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induced Gastric Fundic Mucosal Injury in Adult Male Albino Rats (Light and Electron Microscopic Study)118812047618510.21608/ejh.2020.21248.1215ENMarwa SalahMahmoudZoology Department,Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt0000-0001-8836-3612Journal Article20191221Background: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is one of the most toxic artificial chemicals present in the environment. TCDD exposure is associated with stomach damage. Olive leaves extract (OLE) is a herbal agent, used in medication with a variety of beneficial therapeutic effects.<br />Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of OLE against TCDD induced fundic mucosal damage in adult male albino rats.<br />Materials and Methods: Seventy rats were divided into 3 groups: Group I (control group), group II (TCDD group): these rats received TCDD (100 μg/kg body weight/day) orally for 8 weeks, group III (TCDD and OLE group): rats of this group received TCDD and OLE (0.5 g/ body weight/day) orally for 8 weeks. Specimens from the gastric fundus were excised and stained with H&E and Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) for both routine histological and histochemical studies, and immunohistochemically for the detection of chromomgranin A. Morphometric and electron microscopic studies were also carried out.<br />Results: TCDD induced mucosal injury, sloughing of surface mucosal cells, areas of gastric ulcer, glandular disarrangement, and decreased mucosal height, as well as a decrease in the PAS and chromogranin A positive reactions. Electron microscopic studies showed deteriorating changes in parietal cells, chief cells, mucous cells, and enteroendocrine cells. In contrast, most of the changes induced by TCDD were not observed in TCDD and OLE-treated group.<br />Conclusion: TCDD has toxic effects on the histological and ultrastructure of fundic mucosa of rats, and OLE decreased these effects. OLE can be used to avoid TCDD-induced gastric complications.