Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201The possible radioprotective effects of vitamin E, Nigella sativa oil, and melatonin against X-ray induced early acute changes in cerebral and cerebellar cortices in Albino rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical7677822993010.21608/ejh.2019.11113.1106ENEman K.Nor-EldinHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, EgyptHoda MohammedElsayeddepartment of histology,faculty of medicine,sohag universityJournal Article20190326Background: Radiation induced brain and cerebellum injury is common in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck tumors. Administration of antioxidants before radiation as vitamin E, nigella sativa oil and melatonin could be valuable in limiting this injury.<br />Material and Methods: 40 rats were divided into five different groups. Group Ι: served as the control group and subdivided into 4subgroups. subroup Ia: negative control, subgroup Ib: animals received vitamin E only (300 mg/kg orally once, subgroup Ic: animals received nigella sativa oil only (1ml/kg orally once and subgroup Id: animals received melatonin only 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally once: Group ΙΙ: animals were exposed to x ray irradiation (XRI) (8 Gy whole body). Group ΙΙΙ: animals were pretreated with vitamin E (300 mg/kg orally once 1h before XRI. Group ΙV: animals were pretreated with nigella sativa oil(1ml/kg orally once1h before XRI). Group V: animals were pretreated with melatonin (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally once 1h before XRI). Animals were sacrificed 48h after irradiation. Brain and cerebellum were dissected, formalin fixed and processed for histological and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostainig. The number of GFAP positive astrocytes were counted and statistically analyzed using SPSS program.<br />Results: Radiation induced loss of lamellar pattern in the cerebral cortex with degeneration and necrosis of cortical nerve cells. In the cerebellum, purkinje cell degeneration was observed. Radiation induced a significant increase in the number of GFAP positive astrocytes in both cerebral and cererbellar cortices compared to the control group. In groups treated with vitamin E, nigella sativa oil and melatonin, there was partial improvement in cerebral and cerebellar changes with a significant decrease in the number of GFAP positive astrocytes.<br />Conclusion: The use of antioxidants such as vitamin E, nigella and melatonin could limit radiation induced injury in brain and cerebellum.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201The Possible Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Compared to Vitamin C in Gentamicin Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Adult Rats : A Histological Study7837972994910.21608/ejh.2019.11680.1111ENWalaa BaherDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAsmaa AAboZeidDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-1167-8242Hadwa AliAbd Al-KhalekDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190408Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the possible nephroprotective and therapeutic role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in comparison to vitamin C in a rat model of gentamicin (GM) induced nephrotoxicity.<br />Materials and Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats (150-200 gm) were used in this study. Five rats were utilized to obtain BMSCs and thirty-five rats were divided into: Group I: control, Group II (GM): received 100mg/kg GM intramuscularly for 8 days, subdivided into: subgroup IIa (GM toxicity): sacrificed after the last dose of GM; and subgroup IIb (GM recovery): sacrificed 8 days after the last injection; Group III (Protection): subdivided into: subgroup IIIa (BMSCs protection): received a single intravenous (IV) injection of BMSCs with the first dose of GM and subgroup IIIb (Vitamin C protection): received 200mg/kg vitamin C intraperitoneal (IP) for 8 days simultaneously with the daily GM doses; and Group IV (Treatment): subdivided into: subgroup IVa (BMSCs treatment): received single IV injection of BMSCs after the last dose of GM and subgroup IVb (Vitamin C treatment): received 200mg/kg vitamin C IP for 8 days after the last dose of GM. Serum creatinine and urea were measured, and kidneys were processed for histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies. Results: GM resulted in vacuolation, desquamation of tubular epithelium, interstitial inflammation, congestion and increased number of PCNA positive cells. Serum creatinine and urea were significantly increased. Vitamin C administration, either as a treatment or protection, significantly ameliorated these changes. Conversely, BMSCs could not prevent the GM toxicity but exerted a therapeutic role. Conclusion: BMSCs had no role in protection against GM nephrotoxicity, whereas, their administration after kidney injury assisted kidney regeneration. However, vitamin C exhibited a dual significant role in prevention and improvement in kidney structure and biochemical results.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect of Acrylamide on Development of Cerebellum in Albino Rat7988142995510.21608/ejh.2019.7866.1079ENWesam El SaidAmindepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptAshraf SaberHegabdepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, EgyptAmal Al ShahatIbrahimDepartment of Human anatomy and embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptHanan E.LMokhtardepartment of human Anatomy and embryology faculty of medecine zagazig univerisity0000-0002-2432-3168Journal Article20190131Introduction: Acrylamide (ACR) is a neurotoxic material to animals and humans.<br />Aim: To elucidate the possible structural changes that may occur in cerebellum of male albino rat offspring after oral administration of acrylamide to their pregnant and lactating mothers.<br />Material and Methods: After mating, 54 pregnant female rats were divided equally into three groups. Group A: did not receive any treatment and group B: received 10mg\kg\day of acrylamide orally from day 7 (D7) of gestation until birth. While, group C received the same dose and route of acrylamide from D7 of gestation until postnatal day (PD) 21. The male pups of each group were divided into subgroups according to the PD of sacrifice; PD7, PD14, and PD21 respectively. Cerebellum specimens were processed for light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, morphometeric and statistical studies.<br />Results: With acrylamide treatment, the general observation revealed signals of neurological abnormalities. There were histopathological degenerative changes in the architecture of the cerebellum of all treated groups. These changes were greatly increased from group B to group C. Postnatally, pia mater detachment, cavitations, hemorrhage within folds and degenerated changes of all granular layers and Purkinje cells (PC) were observed. Statistically, a highly significant decrease in the thickness of external granular layer and number of normal PC was revealed in groups B and C when compared with group A. While area % of the bcl-2 immunoexpression showed a high significant increase.<br />Conclusion: Acrylamide adversely affected the structure of the developing cerebellum of albino rat offspring exposed during gestation and lactation periods. The severity of these changes was increased with longer period of exposure. Further measures should be needed to minimize acrylamide formation in food.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Comparative Histological Study on the Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Losartan on Cardiac Injury Induced by Doxorubicin in Male Albino Rats8158253033310.21608/ejh.2019.9963.1094ENSomaya SaadZaghloulHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.Rahma Abou ElnourFaculty of Medicine Cairo UniversityMarwa MohamedAbdelfattahHistology departement,medicine,MUST,6 october, giza,egyptDalia IbrahimIsmailHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20190224Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be a promising therapy for treating cardiomyopathy. Aim of Work: To compare the therapeutic effects of MSCs and losartan (LOS) on doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiomyopathy. Material and Methods: Thirty-nine male albino rats were divided into group I as a control group, group II received DOX 5 mg/kg ip once, group III received DOX as in group II `after 3 weeks LOS was given 30 mg/kg daily by gastric tube for 3 weeks and group IV received DOX as in group and after 3 weeks rats injected by 1ml of Paul Karl Haron (PKH)26 labeled MSCs iv. Blood samples were collected for estimating the creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) value. Cardiac muscle sections from all groups were examined by fluorescence microscope. All sections were processed for histological study using Hx&E and Masson’s trichrome stains in addition to immunohistochemical staining for Cx43 and CD44.Morphometric and statistical studies were done.<br />Results: Group II revealed fragmented muscle fibers and cytoplasmic vacuolation in addition to loss of transverse striation. These changes were confirmed by significant increase in the mean value of CK-MB and the mean area % of collagen fibers when compared to all other groups. In group III, regression of the previous changes was noticed and there was a significant decrease in the mean area % of collagen fibers when compared to group II. Group IV cardiomyocytes appeared healthy with normal arrangement and non-significant difference in mean area % of collagen fibers versus the control. Studying all groups immunohistochemically, revealed increase in positive reactions in LOS and SC groups when compared to DOX group with more increase in SC group than LOS group.<br />Conclusion: Losartan improves cardiac injury with little effect on cardiac regeneration. MSCs have promising potential in cardiac regeneration.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Microscopic Structural Alterations in Response to Mesenchymal Stem Cells Injection in Experimentally Induced Oligospermia in Adult Rat Testis (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)8268373043710.21608/ejh.2019.7960.1080ENSherifa Abd El-SalamDepartments of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha UniversityEman Farukhistology department faculty of medicine benha university EgyptSamia MahmoudManawyDepartments of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Benha UniversityNaglaa YehiaNafieDepartments of physiology,
Faculty of Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20190218Background: Lead is one of the heavy metals that has many side effects on different organs. Recently, infertility among both men and women has become a major concern. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells to the male reproductive organ is used for curing various diseases.<br />Aim of the work: The aim of the present work is to study the microscopic structural variations and immunohistochemical appearance of the effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation (MSCs) on oligospermia induced in adult male albino rats.<br />Material and methods: Thirty-two adult male rats were divided into; Group I (control group-ten rats), group II, twelve rats injected intravenously by a single dose of lead nitrate (LN, 23.3 mg/kg body weight) and group III (L N with MSCs) ten rats injected intravenously for six weeks. Sperm analysis, hormonal assay and testicular samples were taken for histological, immunohistochemical and statistical analysis at the end of the study.<br />Results: The results revealed that the mean percentage of sperm count, sperm motility and testosterone levels were significantly affected after LN toxicity with apparent changes in the histological pattern of the seminiferous tubules which showed distortion, abnormal distribution, vacuolation, deeply stained nuclei (apoptotic nuclei) and detachment of spermatogenic cells from the germinal epithelium in comparison to the control group. Immunohistochemical study showed that a significant elevation of the intensity of caspase-3 immunostaining in Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells in comparison to that of the control group. MSCs injection after lead toxicity showed significant improvement in sperm analysis (count, motility, abnormality and morphology) with marked improvement in histological changes as well as decrease in the mean area% of caspase -3 immune reaction.<br />Conclusion: MCSs partially prevent testicular degenerative changes induced by lead toxicity, suggesting that the MSCs may give hope in the treatment of male infertility.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201The Effect of Aliskiren on Renal Cortical Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Albino Rats: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study8388483043810.21608/ejh.2019.10841.1102ENDalia IbrahimIsmailHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0001-6514-1531Alshaymaa GamalAboulkhairHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20190319Background: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a foremost reason for acute kidney injury, which is a common clinical complication having high morbidity rate and lacks effective therapy. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation and angiotensin II level elevation are important risk factors in IRI. Aliskiren (ALS) is the first oral direct rennin inhibitor that blocks the first step in RAS and has been approved for treating hypertension.<br />Aim of work: Investigating whether ALS pretreatment protects the renal cortex of adult male albino rats subjected to IRI.<br />Material and Methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into 3 groups: group I (control group), group II (IRI group): were subjected to IRI procedure, group III (ALS group): rats were pretreated with aliskiren (ALS, 100 mg/kg) twice orally 24h and 1h before IRI and left for 24h of reperfusion before scarification. Blood samples were taken to estimate the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD). Kidneys sections were stained with HandE and PAS stains and immunohistochemical staining against COX-2 and caspase-3. This was followed by morphometric and statistical analysis.<br />Results: IRI group showed deterioration in renal function tests with massive histological alterations in the Malpighian renal corpuscles and the convoluted tubules. There was significant decrease in optical density of PAS reaction, with significant increase in the mean area% of COX-2 and caspase-3 immunoexpression. ALS group showed significant improvement in renal function tests with preserved normal histology of the renal cortex. There was significant increase in the optical density of PAS reaction, with significant decrease in the mean area% of COX-2 and caspase-3 immunoexpression.<br />Conclusion: A protective effect of ALS was detected in IRI-induced renal cortical damage in adult male albino rats. This was evidenced by laboratory results, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Impact of Spirulina on Propylthiouracil - Induced Hypothyroidism in Albino Rats, A Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Approach8498604892510.21608/ejh.2019.16398.1159ENHala EL-TantawiZoology department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University0000-0002-1727-3473Faten SabraAbozeidZoology department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University0000-0002-3888-7503Journal Article20190829Background: Hypothyroidism is a decrease in the production of the thyroid hormones and leads to gland dysfunction. Spirulina used as an antioxidant and supposed as antihypothyroidic agent.<br />Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of Spirulina on PTU-induced hypothyroidism in rats.<br />Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into six groups, control group (G1), hypothyroid group (G2), SP-500 treated group (G3), SP-1000 treated group (G4), PTU+SP-500 treated group (G5) and PTU+SP-1000 treated group (G6). Thyroid gland was examined using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical studies. Duration of treatments were for 14 days.<br />Results: A significant decline in the body weight gain was exhibited. Biochemically, a significant decrease in T3 and T4 hormone levels in the PTU-group and a substantial increase in groups treated with Spirulina alone. While PTU+ Spirulina treated groups revealed normal hormonal levels more or less similar to the control group. Histological changes such as congestion of the blood capillaries, follicular dilatation, and vacuolar degeneration of some follicular cells were exhibited in hypothyroid group G2 and Spirulina treated-groups (G3andG4). Hyperplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, depleted vacuolated-thyroglobulin, and a significant increase in the epithelial heights and the follicular diameters, were observed. Immunohistochemically, low expression of the proliferative cellular marker KI-67 was expressed in the PTU and PTU+Spirulina treated groups. While negative expression of KI-67 in Spirulina treated groups was recorded.<br />Conclusion: Administration of Spirulina alone displayed signs of hyperactivity on the thyroid gland, but it has a mild protective role in the PTU-induced hypothyroidism groups. Therefore, caution should be used in extrapolating these results to the human being situation within different doses and durations.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Possible Role of Selenium Nano-particles on Gentamicin-Induced Toxicity in Rat Testis:Morphological and Morphometric study8618733098310.21608/ejh.2019.9926.1093ENAmany ElsayedHamoudFaculty of medicine Cairo University Egypt
KasrelainiJournal Article20190224Background: Gentamicin (GM) is abroad spectrum antibiotic that used worldwide. Exact mechanism of its testicular toxicity is still unknown. The present study aimed at studying the possible protective role of selenium nano-particles (SeNPs) on histological, biochemical, and morphometric changes in rat testis.<br />Aim of Study: The current study was designed to elucidate the possible role of SeNPs on GM induced toxicity in rat testis.<br />Materials and Methods: Twenty adult albino rats were divided into four groups, control, sham control, GM group, GM+ SeNPs group. The body weight (BW), testis weight, epididymis weight , seminal vesicle weight, prostate weight and serum testosterone level were determined. Testis sections were subjected to histological, morphometric, biochemical and statistical studies<br />Results: GM induced significant (sig) reduction in weight of testes, accessory sex organs, sperm count, motility and testosterone level. The drug also caused sig decrease in the activity of testicular catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and sig increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 levels. Sig increase in basement membrane (BM) thickness, area % of caspase3 immunoexpression (IE) and in Ki67 count were recorded. Injection of SeNPs improved sig the previously mentioned changes.<br />Conclusion: GM induced morphological, morphometric and biochemical changes on reproductive organs particularly testis of adult male rats. SeNPs administration with GM ameliorated these adverse effects that might be due to its antioxidant activity.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Histological Study of Human Umbilical Cord in Diabetic Pregnant Females8748877006510.21608/ejh.2019.7717.1076ENMona Abd El-RahmanSalemDepartments of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptShadia MAbd El-GawwadDepartments of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptEman SaidMahmoudFaculty of medicine for girls A-lAzhar university0000-0002-4830-050XHeba Y.ElyamanyDepartments of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190729Background: The umbilical cord (UC) is the lifeline between the fetus and placenta. It allows gas and nutrient exchange. Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy, it has complications on both mother and fetus. The changes in the structure of UC with diabetes may have effect on the viability of the fetus.<br />Aim of the Work: Is to study the effect of gestational diabetes on the histological structure of UC.<br />Patients and Methods: The umbilical cord biopsies were collected immediately after delivery from 30 full term pregnant women, 15 normal pregnant females (Control group), and 15 pregnant women had gestational diabetes (Diabetic group). Informed written consent was taken from all pregnant women sharing in this study. These biopsies were processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Also morphometric and statistical analysis for the data were done.<br />Results: Light microscopic study of diabetic UC samples showed degeneration of Wharton’s jelly fibers with formation of honey comb like empty spaces. Erosion of endothelial cells lined the umbilical vessels; with separation of their smooth muscle fibers were observed. There were degeneration of collagen fibers and decrease amount of elastic fibers in the wall of umbilical vessels. Morphometric studies showed significant decrease in the intima and media thickness in diabetic UC arteries compared to UC control arteries. The UC vein of diabetic samples showed significant dilatation of the lumen and thinner wall compared to that of control group.<br />Conclusion: The present study proved that gestational diabetes has many injurious effects on histological structure of UC.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Cyclophosphamide Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological Study8888993212210.21608/ejh.2019.12158.1114ENManar AliBashandymenoufia university faculty of medicine anatomy departmentOmyma IbraheemZedanmenofyia university college of medicine anatomy0000-0002-9842-3786Journal Article20190422Background: Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma. Several studies reported wide range of cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity in cancerous patients. Alpha lipoic acid is a natural antioxidant used widely for prevention and treatment of different conditions. Aim of the work: This work was conducted to study the role of alpha lipoic acid in cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity basing on histological and ultrastructural studies. Material and Methods: Forty-four adult male Albino rats were divided into four groups: group I (control), group II (alpha lipoic acid -treated) in a dose (25 mg/kg body weight/day) given orally, group III (cyclophosphamide -treated) in a dose (200 mg/kg body weight) single dose injected intraperitoneally and group IV (alpha lipoic acid plus cyclophosphamid-treated). The experiment was conducted for ten days. Cardiac muscle specimens were subjected to light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study. Results: Microscopic examination of cardiac muscle of cyclophosphamide treated group (III) showed focal disruption and vacuolation of cardiac muscle fibers with mononuclear infiltration between cardiac muscle fibers. Ultrastructurally, destruction of myofibrils, swollen, irregular arranged mitochondria and dilated SER were noted. Some nuclei showed chromatolysis and others were heterochromatic with irregular nuclear membrane. These results were confirmed by significant decrease in Bcl2. The intercellular spaces were wide contained dilated congested blood vessels and collagen. Alpha lipoic acid administration improved cardiac muscle architecture but still not attained the complete normal morphology Conclusion: Supplementation of alpha lipoic acid in concomitant with cyclophosphamide (CYP) can ameliorate the CYP induced cardiac injury.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect of Fosamax on the Duodenal Mucosa in Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protection by Nigella Sativa Oil: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study9009143392810.21608/ejh.2019.10902.1105ENAmira AdlyKassabHistology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine,Tanta University, Egypt0000-0002-3518-569XJournal Article20190324diseases. However, Fosamax therapy is associated with gastrointestinal toxicity that influences the treatment compliance. Nigella sativa (N sativa) is an annual herbaceous plant and have been safely used as a natural remedy in Egypt. It has a wide range of pharmacological activities and a proposed role in combating many gastrointestinal disorders.<br />Aim: This work aimed to study the effect of Fosamax on the histological structure of the duodenal mucosa of albino rats and to evaluate the possible protective role of nigella sativa oil.<br />Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups: the control group, the N sativa oil-treated group (2.5 ml/kg), the Fosamax-treated group (0.05mg/kg), and both Fosamax and N sativa oil -treated group. Treatments were given orally once weekly for 13 weeks. Specimens from the duodenum were processed for light microscopy. Immunohistochemical study was carried out using antibodies against nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Ki67 protein.<br />Results: Specimens from Fosamax-treated rats showed a statistically significant decrease in the duodenal mucosal thickness. The lining epithelium showed nuclear alteration and vacuolated cytoplasm and there was mononuclear cellular infiltration. The immunohistochemical study of Fosamax-treated group showed a significant increase in NF-kB, COX-2 and Bax immunoreaction and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 and Ki67 expression. In contrast, minimal changes were observed in rats treated concomitantly with both Fosamax and N sativa oil with non-significant changes in the immunoreactions compared with the control group. Conclusion: Fosamax induced structural changes in the duodenal mucosa of adult albino rats, which could be ameliorated by concomitant treatment with nigella sativa oil.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Evaluation of Therapeutic Potentials of α-Lipoic Acid Versus Stem Cells-Derived Microvesicles Against Experimentally–Induced Gastric Ulcer in Adult Male Albino Rats (Light and Electron microscopic study)9159273414010.21608/ejh.2019.13255.1123ENSherifa Abd El-SalamDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, EgyptEman Farukhistology department faculty of medicine benha university EgyptHanan FouadDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptJournal Article20190527Background: Alpha-Lipoic acid (ALA), is an antioxidant endogenous substance. It is available in small amounts in food. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived microvesicles (MSC-MVs) have numerous paracrine protective effects against tissue injury that are mediated by inflammatory, apoptotic and oxidative stress. Aim of the Work: Our study was done to assess the protective effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid versus MSC-MVs on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Material and Methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into: Group I (10 rats) represented control animals, and Group II (30 rats) involved ulcerated rats. The ulcerated group received a single gavage of indomethacin (30mg/kg B.Wt.) and was equally subdivided into: Subgroup ΙΙ-a (ulcerated subgroup), subgroup ΙΙ-b ulcerated rats that received a single intravenous dose of MSCs-MVs (0.5 mg/mL) and subgroup ΙΙ-c ulcerated rats that received ALA (100 mg/kg) orally for 3 days before ulcer induction. Antioxidant enzymes and ulcer index were assessed. Gastric tissue was examined by light and transmission electron microscopes.<br />Results: Indomethacin caused marked damage of the gastric mucosa and ulcer index was significantly higher as compared to the control group. There was loss of the normal histological architecture and inflammatory cells infiltration. Ultrastructure sections revealed increased mucin granules in surface mucous secreting cells. Parietal cells showed dilatation of intracellular canaliculi. In ALA and in MSCs-MVs treated rat groups, there was a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. The structure of the mucosa was significantly improved with a significant decrease in gastric ulcer area. Erosions, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly decreased. No major damage of endothelial cells was observed. The parietal cells count and the VEGF -positive cells were significantly decreased as compared with the control group. Conclusion: MSCs-MVs have significant superior therapeutic effects on gastric mucosa against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer than the protective effects of α-Lipoic acid (ALA).Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Histological Study of the Effect of Pristine Versus Functionalized Polyethylene Glycol - Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Lung Alveoli of the Adult Male Albino Rats9289553476710.21608/ejh.2019.12809.1119ENSafinaz HusseinSafwatFaculty of Medicine Alexandria
University, Histology & cell Biology departmentIman NabilAlexandria faculty of medicine, histology and cell biology departement0009-0004-6202-2237Wahid MoufidStefanosAlexandria Faculty of Medicine, Histology & cell biology departmentMarwa MagdiAhmedAlexandria Faculty of Medicine, Histology & cell biology departmentJournal Article20190515Background: Carbon nanotubes are used in a variety of applications. However, their toxicity on different body tissues has an impact on human health. Therefore, functionalization emerged as a tool to reduce CNTs toxicity and hence expand their applications.<br />Aim: The goal of this study was to clarify the impact of pristine MW CNTs on lung alveoli of the adult male albino rat and the possibility of amelioration of this effect by functionalized PEG-MWCNTs.<br />Materials and Methods:60 adult male rats were categorized among 3 groups. Group I: control group, group II: 20 rats received an intratracheal instillation of a single dose of 1 mg/kg of pristine MWCNTs, then subdivided into two equal subgroups (each 10 rats) and were sacrificed after 3 days and 45 days respectively, group III: 20 rats were received an intratracheal instillation of a single dose of 1 mg/kg of PEG-MWCNTs and then subdivided and sacrificed as in group II. At the end of the experiment, the lungs were harvested for histological examination. The thickness of the interalveolar septum and the collagen area were morphometrically evaluated and statistically analyzed.<br />Results: Pristine MWCNTs caused variable degree of histological changes that were more evident after 45 days. These changes manifested by collapsed alveoli alternating with wide ones, thickening of the interalveolar septa, deposition of collagen, cellular and nuclear changes suggestive of pulmonary toxicity and accumulation of particulate laden macrophages. Morphometric and statistical studies demonstrated significant increase in the thickness of the interalveolar septa as compared to control group. Ultrastructurally, type II pneumocytes showed degenerative changes and formed the predominant cell lining. The changes were less evident by instillation of functionalized PEG-MWCNTs with more or less preservation of the normal alveolar architecture.<br />Conclusion: Pristine MWCNTs have a toxic effect on the lung tissue which could be reduced by functionalized PEG-MWCNTs.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect of Exposure to Different Doses of Cell Phone-Electromagnetic Waves on the Hippocampus and Testis of Adult Albino Rats: A Histological Study9569733508710.21608/ejh.2019.12231.1125ENBataa El-KafouryDepartment of physiology, Faculty of medicine Ain shams university, Cairo egyptGhada Galal HamamHistology and cell biology, faculty of medicine Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt000-0001-6562-2132Samar FekryEzzatHistology and cell biology department
Faculty of medicine Ain shams University
Cairo-Egypt0000-0001-5325-6593Journal Article20190608Introduction: every new technological product brings certain disadvantages threatening human health. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from cell phones may exert a detrimental influence on human health and may affect man`s cognitive and reproductive systems. Mobile phones are carried mainly near the head during talking and they are also kept in trousers pockets in close distance to testis. <br />Aim: to study the effect of single or multiple exposure to different doses of EMF from mobile phone on the structure of hippocampus and testis in adult albino Wistar rats<br />Materials and methods: thirty adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (control), group II (single mobile exposure giving 900Hz) and group III (multiple mobile exposure giving 2700HZ). Rats were exposed to EMW for 120 minutes/day, 6 days per week for ten weeks. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last exposure. Hippocampus and testis were harvested form all rats. They were subjected to proper histological techniques. Semen analysis, morphometric and statistical studies were also done.<br />Results: In single exposure group, degeneration of some pyramidal and granule cells of the hippocampus were noticed. Vacuolations were also seen between spermatogenic cells with some abnormalities of sperm structure. While in multiple exposure group, apparent increase number of degenerated neurons and significant decrease in thickness of pyramidal and granule layers of hippocampus were noticed. Testis showed intercellular vacuolations, significant decrease in thickness of germinal epithelium and seminiferous tubules and a significant increase in mean area percentage of collagen fibers and caspase-3 reaction. Many sperm abnormalities were also detected in semen analysis.<br />Conclusions: exposure to EMF causes significant changes in the structure of hippocampus and testis in a dose dependent manner.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect of Perinatal Exposure to Low Dose Bisphenol A on Hepatic and Renal Tissues of Male Albino Rat Offspring: Histological, Immunohistochemical and Morphometric Studies97410003606610.21608/ejh.2019.11296.1108ENAmal SSewelamAnatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptHanan MokhtarDepatment of Anatomy and embryology faculty of medecine zagazig univerisity0000-0002-2432-3168Journal Article20190408Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals with worldwide human oral exposure. Guideline studies established a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) at 5 mg/kg body weight /day. <br />Aim of The Work: to assess the hazards of oral maternal intake to low dose of BPA below NOAEL during pregnancy and lactation, on hepatic and renal tissues of male albino rat offspring through histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies. <br />Material and Methods: Thirty pregnant albino rats were equally divided into three groups; group A did not receive any treatment, group B received 1mL corn oil orally once daily by gastric tube, group C received 200 μg/kg bw /day of BPA (dissolved in 1mL corn oil) by gastric tube once daily from 6th day of gestation until weaning. Forty male rat pups from each group were subdivided into four subgroups according to the age of sacrifice (1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th) postnatal weeks (PW). After weaning, treatment was stopped. Livers and kidneys' specimens were collected and prepared for histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric studies and statistical analysis. <br />Results: Multiple histological degenerative changes in the hepatic and renal tissues of male albino rat offspring were observed after oral administration of low dose BPA to their mothers. These changes were obvious at 1st PW and progressed to become massive and extensive at 3rd and 6th PW then became less severe at 9th PW in spite of the cessation of BPA treatment at weaning. These results were confirmed by immunohistochemical and statistical studies. <br />Conclusion: Perinatal maternal intake to low dose of BPA below the dose of NOAEL, induced histopathological changes in livers and kidneys of male albino rat offspring. These changes may be considered as indicator for possibility of neoplastic liability.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect of Vitamin D on the Spleen of Adult Male Rats Fed on Diet with High Fat: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study100110173606910.21608/ejh.2019.13030.1120ENHeba KamalMohamedDepartment of Human Anatomy and emberyology- Faculty of Medicine- Assiut University- EgyptJournal Article20190520Background: High fat diet (HFD) is the cause of obesity prevalence which is a serious health problem. Vitamin D is considered a very important modulator in cellular inflammation and immune systems.<br />Aim of the work: To demonstrate the histological changes in the spleen of the adult male rats fed with HFD and to evaluate vitamin D role in counteracting the harmful effects of HFD on the spleen.<br />Materials and Methods: A total number of 36 male adult albino rats which were classified equally and randomly into three groups as follows; Control group where rats were administered the control diet for a period of 10 weeks, HFD fed group which was administered HFD for 10 weeks and HFD + vitamin D group which was administered HFD concomitantly with vitamin D orally daily for 10 weeks at a dose of 1 ug (40 IU)/kg. Samples from the spleen were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical study.<br />Results: The group received HFD revealed marked histological alterations with lymphatic follicles proliferation. Most splenic cells showed degenerative changes. Deposition of hemosidrin pigments, markedly dilated blood sinusoids and blood extravasation were observed. CD86 had a strong cytoplasmic expression in dendritic cells. Moreover, cytoplasmic immune reaction for iNOS and caspase-3 in the white and red pulps of the spleen was intense. Vitamin D co-adminstration greatly preserved the histological and immunohistochemical structure of the spleen.<br />Conclusion: This study suggests that vitamin D has a role in splenic protection and can attenuate the deleterious effects commonly detected in the spleen and immune system in case of obesity induced by HFD.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Immunohistochemical Identification of Oxytocin Neurons in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of the Male and Female Albino Rats: A Morphometrical Study101810283683810.21608/ejh.2019.11092.1104ENHagar AHashishDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology,Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,Egypt.Journal Article20190324Background: The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is one of the nuclei in the anterior hypothalamus superior to the optic chiasma. It is well known that vasopressin and oxytocin neurons are located in the hypothalamic para-ventricular and the supraoptic nuclei. Extensive vasopressin neurons were observed in the rostral and middle regions of the suprachiasmatic nucleus.<br />Aim of the work: Although the presence of oxytocin immunoreactive neurons within the SCN is unusual, this study was designed to clarify immunohistochemical localization of oxytocin neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the male and pregnant female adult albino rat and to investigate morphometrical differences in those neurons in relation to the gender.<br />Material and Methods: Twenty adult rats (10male and 10 non pregnant female) were involved in this study. Rats were anaesthetized with ketamine, sacrificed and their brains were carefully dissected. The anterior portion of the hypothalmus containing the suprachiasmatic nucleus was taken. Coronal sections of the brain were prepared for histological stains (Hematoxylin and Eosin) and immunohistochemical stain (Oxytocin immunostaining). The diameters and number of oxytocin labelled neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in each group were measured in a fixed field. The data will be used for morphometrical study.<br />Results: The SCN in rat was formed mainly of 2 regions according to the change in the shape, rostral SCN (rSCN) and caudal SCN (cSCN).The rSCN appeared as a collection of neurons basal to the third ventricle and superior to the optic chiasma. It showed mixture of bipolar and multipolar cells. The cSCN was formed of mixture of large rounded and small bipolar neurons. The rostral part of the nucleus showed positive OT immune-reactive neurons throughout its structure in both male and female rats, the caudal part of the nucleus exhibited OT immune-reactive neurons in the lateral part only on both sides of the third ventricle, while its medial potion showed negative reaction for OT in both groups.<br />Conclusion: The present findings proved immunehistochemical identification of OT neurons in the adult male and nonpregnant female rat SCN, and indicate clear sex differences in OT neurons morphometrical measurements which may be parallel to differences in the neuroendocrine and behavioral function in both sexes.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201The Possible Role of Bee Venom on Gastric Fundic Mucosa in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats. A Histological Study102910433853510.21608/ejh.2019.13985.1134ENMona RaafatHistology and cell biology. Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University0000-0003-0779-5603Ghada Galal HamamHistology and cell biology, faculty of medicine Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt000-0001-6562-2132Journal Article20190624Introduction: Diabetes mellitus represents one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and a major public health challenge worldwide. It leads to serious consequences in several tissues including gastrointestinal tract. Bee venom (BV) is a traditional medicine used for treating various diseases. <br />Aim: to investigate the effects of diabetes on gastric fundic mucosal changes and to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of BV on these changes in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus. <br />Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino Wister rats were divided into four groups. Group I (control), group II (BV): received intraperitoneal injection (IP) of 0.5mg/kg BV twice weekly for four weeks, group III (diabetic): received single IP of 45mg/kg STZ and group IV (diabetic-BV treated): one week after confirmation of diabetes, rats received BV for four weeks (as group II). At the end of the experiment, samples of the fundus of the stomach were collected from all rats. The specimens were processed for light and transmission electron microscopic studies. Morphometric and statistical studies were also performed.<br />Results: diabetic rats showed sloughing of fundic epithelium, significant decrease in mucous secreting cells, significant increase in collagen fibers and increase inflammatory cells in lamina propria. Cells of fundic glands were seen with karyolitic nuclei and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. Administration of BV showed improvement of histological structural changes induced by diabetes. <br />Conclusions: BV have relevant therapeutic role in the fundic mucosa induced by diabetes. So, it could potentially provide possible solution for gastric changes associated with diabetes.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on Testicular Changes Induced by Sliver Nanoparticles in Adult Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Camel Milk104410583888910.21608/ejh.2019.13507.1126ENNahla El-ErakyEl-azabHistology, faculty of medicine, benha university Egypt0000-0003-0889-9885Abeer MoustfaElmahalawaydepartment of histology and cell biology Benha faculty of medicine0000-0003-0814-1388Journal Article20190609Introduction: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are broadly used in medicine and food industry, associated with potential toxicity in many organs. Camel milk (CM) is an excellent source of human nutrition and has many health benefits in prevention of diseases. <br />Aim of the work: To assess the effect of two different doses of AgNPs on the testis of adult rats and the possible protective role of CM. <br />Material and methods: Forty-five adult male rats were divided into five groups, Group I: control rats, Group II: rats treated with low dose of silver nanoparticles, Group III: rats treated with high dose of AgNPs, Group IV: rats treated with low dose of AgNPs and camel milk, Group V: rats treated with high dose of AgNPs and camel milk. Testicular specimens were processed, then examined histologically and immunohistochemically. Testosterone hormonal assay were done. Morphometrical studies and statistical analysis were conducted.<br />Results: Group II showed mild harmful effect, while Group III had severe damaging changes on the seminiferous tubules. They showed a significant increase (P < 0.01) of α-SMA, a significant decrease(PEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201Effect Of Exposure To Wi-Fi Router Radiation On The Lung Of Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological And Immunohistochemical Study105910692734510.21608/ejh.2019.7317.1070ENRanda AhmedIbrahimFaculty of medicine - Minia university
histology and cell biologyAzza HusseinAliDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.Noura HassanKhamisDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.Hanaa HassaneinMohammedDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, EgyptJournal Article20190117Introduction: Recent years have witnessed a marked increase in use of Wi-Fi devices in daily life. This new technology was approved to cause many health hazards.<br /><br />Aim of the work: to investigate the histological structure changes occurred in the lung of the adult male albino rats after short and long time exposure of Wi-Fi router devices.<br /><br />Materials and method: This study was carried out on 30 adult male albino rats. They were exposed to the 2.45 GHz radiation from Wi-Fi router device which was placed at 25 cm from the animals. Animals were divided into 3 groups 10 rats each: Group I (control): Rats were isolated in a room away from router device. Group II (6 hours): Rats were exposed to router device for 6 hours per day for 30 days. Group III (24 hours): Rats were exposed to router device for 24 hours per day for 30 days. Histological, immune-histochemical (Caspase 3 & iNOS antibodies), and morphometric studies were done.<br />Results: Both 6 hours and 24 hours groups showed marked histological and immune-histochemical changes in the lung tissues when compared with the control group, however, changes in the 24 hours group is more severe when compared with the 6 hours group. <br /> <br />Conclusion: Nowadays, the utilization of Wi-Fi routers devices becomes unavoidable in work and inside our homes. So, if we fail to control the radiation exposure time many people are likely to become sick. From this study, the exposure to such devices can cause bad effects on the lung tissue which increases with prolonged exposure time. So we should control the usage of these devices to save our health.Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055942420191201The Role of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Angiogenesis in Liver Regeneration Following Partial Hepatectomy in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study107010957011710.21608/ejh.2019.9692.1087ENSoad JimmyDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityDalia ElmarakbyDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityMaha AboGaziaHistology department Faculty of Medicine,Khafrelskeikh UniversityAhmed MorsyDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptJournal Article20190216Introduction: Partial hepatectomy is indicated as the main curative approach for traumatic rupture of the hepatic parenchyma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are vital and have a significant importance in their emerging role in hepatic regeneration.<br />Aim of the Work: Study the role of hepatic stellate cells and angiogenesis in liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy in adult male albino rats.<br />Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats(4-6months) weighing 150-200 gm were randomized into 5 groups of eight rats each; group I was the sham control group, and the animals were subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy in groups II, III, IV and V in which they were postoperatively sacrificed 3, 7, 14 and 21 days respectively. At the time of scarification specimens were taken for histological and immunohistochemical studies. H and E and immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and α-smooth muscle actin (α- SMA) were done. Image analysis and statistical analysis of the obtained results were performed.<br />Results: The liver showed disturbed histological architecture with distortion of the neatly arranged hepatocyte plates in group II which was restored in the following groups. Wide distribution of Kupffer cells, was also noted in group II and continued in group III. The PCNA and VEGF activity showed significant positive reaction in groups II and III , insignificant positive immunoreaction was reported in groups IV and V . The α- SMA showed significant positive reaction in group II, insignificant immunoreaction was reported in the remaining other groups.<br />Conclusion: Partial hepatectomy stimulated liver regeneration in the remaining liver lobes with reconstitution of most of the liver mass 21 days postoperatively. This regenerative process was associated with angiogenesis and HSCs activation as denoted by VEGF expression and α- SMA expression respectively.