Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Synergistic Effect of Yeast and Cisplatin against Induced Skeletal Muscle Carcinoma in Mice: Histological Study1159504110.21608/ejh.2019.14233.1140ENHekmat A.SorourHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al Azher University, EgyptShimaa ZakariaElshorahistology department faculty of midicin for girlis al azher universityEman MahmoudHistology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al Azher University, Egypt0000-0002-4830-050XJournal Article20200702Background: Cisplatin is widely used for cancer treatment. Cisplatin induces cytotoxicity for cancer cells and normal cells.<br />Yeast as an alternative cancer therapy may have less side effects.<br />Aim of the Study: To estimate the synergistic efficacy of Yeast and Cisplatin against carcinoma mass induced on the skeletal muscle of adult male albino mice through detection of the histological changes in the skeletal muscle.<br />Material and Methods: Fifty male albino mice, were divided into five equal groups. GI; Control group. The rest of animals<br />were inoculated intramuscularly with 0.2 ml Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in the right thigh at day 1. A solid mass appeared<br />on the 10th day. These animals were divided into four groups: G II; The untreated group. G III; Treated with Cisplatin (3 mg/kg /week) intra peritoneally. G IV; Were injected IM with 1ml of Heat-killed non-pathogenic yeast suspension1 x 107 cells/ml, 3times /week .G V; Injected by Yeast and Cisplatin in the same previous doses. All therapies were given from the11thday until day 35th. Histological studies were done using H&E stain, Masson's trichrome stain and BCL2immunohistochemical reaction. Morphometric and statistical studies were performed.<br />Results: Muscle fibers in GII appeared thinner, deformed, widely separated and infiltrated by leucocytes. Compact sheets of tumor cells showed pleomorphism and numbers of abnormal mitotic figures. Muscle fibers of GIII were fragmented, widely separated and developed signs of necrosis but tumor cells were less numerous. Considerable inflammatory reaction was also noticed. GIV and GV showed improvement in the histological pictures of muscle fibers. The tumor cells were relatively less than those of GII. The muscle fibers partially regained their normal appearance.<br />Conclusion: Heat-killed non-pathogenic yeast enhanced the cytotoxic activity of Cisplatin and potentiate the benefit of using a combination of low-dose Cisplatin and heat-killed non-pathogenic yeast in treatment of cancer.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_95041_b62ace9c63c2a1b65e1d4b671479b72c.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Can L-carnitine prevent Cadmium-Induced Damage of the Developing Hippocampus?16354122610.21608/ejh.2019.13391.1124ENAYMAN S.AMERDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, EgyptFaten Y.MahmoudDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, EgyptAshraf H.Abd El-HakemDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, EgyptMariam W.FedalDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, EgyptJournal Article20190603Background: Cadmium is used in everyday life aspects. Hippocampus plays important role in the memory process and could be affected by cadmium exposure. L-carnitine is antioxidant, its role in neuroprotection is still not known.<br />Aim of Work: To assess effects of pre- and postnatal cadmium exposures on structure of principle cells (pyramidal and<br />granular) of hippocampus in albino rats, and the potential role of L-carnitine. Material and Methods: Pregnant female albino rats were used and divided into two major groups: I- Pregnancy and IILactation, each was further equally subdivided into 4 subgroups: Group Ia- Control. Group Ib- received cadmium from pregnancy day (PD)10 until delivery. Group Ic- received L-carnitine from PD7 until delivery. Group Id- received both L-carnitine from PD7 + cadmium from PD10 until delivery. Group IIa- Control. Group IIb- received cadmium from day 0-21.<br />Group IIc- received L-carnitine from day 0-21. Group IId- received both L-carnitine+cadmium from day 0-21. Cadmium<br />chloride was given orally by gastric lavage 4 mg/kg bodyweight/day. L-carnitine dose was given as 200 mg/kg/day orally by gastric lavage. The hippocampal specimens were collected from twelve male offspring of both age subgroups (newborn and 21 day old; 96 rats total) and were processed for light, electron microscopy and morphometry.<br />Results: In cadmium received rats principle cells showed degenerative changes as pyknosis, cytoplasmic vacuoles, damaged mitochondria, indentation of nuclear membrane, and the morphometric data showed highly significant reduction in principle cells number and decreased principle cell layer thickness as compared to control. In cadmium+L-carnitine received rats the principle cells showed a very few swollen cells with little vacuoles, mildly dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the morphometric results were improved approaching those of the control. Conclusion: cadmium damaged principle cells of dentate gyrus, CA3 and CA1 fields of the rat hippocampus. L-carnitine reduced the cadmium-induced neuronal damage https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_41226_7ced4d904233d2111b5070f492b219c2.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Light and Electron Microscopic Studies on the Possible Protective Effect of Ginger on the Gastric Fundic Mucosa of Adult Male Albino Rats Treated with 5- Fluorouracil36509592310.21608/ejh.2019.7935.1089ENManar A.BashandyAnatomy and Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, EgyptDalia Abd ElrazikNoyahistology and cell biology department faculty of medicine menoufia university0000000190828554Journal Article20200218Introduction: 5-fluorouracil is a potent antimetabolite chemotherapeutic medication used for treatment of various malignancies . Using this agent result in toxic effect mainly in the lining of digestive tract. To ameliorate 5 FU toxic effect ginger was implicated in this study.<br />Aim of the Work: To evaluate the microscopic effect of 5-fluorouracil on gastric fundus mucosa in rat models . and to study the possible beneficial role of ginger in the ameliorations of these changes. Material and Methods: Forty-eight adult male albino rates were divided into four groups: group I (control), group II received ginger orally in a dose of 200 mg/kg/day , group III received 5-fluorouracil (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and group IV received 5 FU and Ginger as previous doses for 5 days. The fundic part of stomach was excised and subjected to light and electron microscopic studies.<br />Results: In 5 FU treated group, the fundic gastric mucosa showed multiple areas of tissue loss , congested dilated blood vessels and extravasated red blood cells and mononuclear infiltration were seen between fundic gland cells. Parietal cells showed ballooned appearance, vacuolated cytoplasm, and pykontic nuclei. PAS/ Alcian blue stained sections showed marked reduction in both alcian blue and PAS positive reaction. There was strong positive cytoplasmic reaction in the apical and middle parts of the fundic glands for caspase 3 while large number of parietal cells were stained positive for Cox 2. These histological findings were improved after ginger administration. Histomorphometric study revealed significant weight reduction, increased mucosal ulcer depth, decreased mucosal thickness and increased number of parietal cells in 5 FU treated group when compared to control group. Conclusion: 5FU causes gastric damage in rat model. Ginger supplementation could be used to alleviate the damaging pathological effect on gastric fundus.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_95923_35905fffaf07988dde0f76a24f166e46.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Can the liver Regenerative Potential Restore the Normal Liver Structure in Male Mice CCL4 Induced Liver Fibrosis? A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study51629592510.21608/ejh.2019.7691.1077ENHeba M.Saad EldienAnatomy Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, KSA.Nashwa AhmedMostafaAssiut universityRanda Abd El AzizMohamedHistology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut university, EgyptJournal Article20200523Background: Liver fibrosis is a major Egyptian health problem and a serious threat to human health.It is characterized by repeated injury of the liver tissue resulting in the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Liver is the only visceral organ that possesses unique capacity to regenerate.<br />Aim of Work: To investigate the role of the regenerative capacity of the liver in restoring the normal structure after withdrawal of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in mice.<br />Materials and Methods: A total number of thirty male healthy mice was used in the present study. The animals were randomly divided into three groups (10 mice each): Group І: (control group = GI).Group П: (CCL4 alone group = GII) were injected 1 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) dissolved in olive oil (1:1) twice a week for 4 weeks intraperitoneally . At the end of 4 weeks they were sacrificed. Group III (CCL4/recovery group=GIII): were injected with CCL4 as previous group, then left for another four weeks without any intervention before sacrifaction. At the end of the experiment, the liver was immediately dissected out and processed for histological and immunohistochemical examinations.<br />Results: In GII, there was marked disturbance of liver architecture in the form of marked cellular infilteration and vacuolation associated with significant increase in the collagen and reticular fibers as well as increased expression of anti α-smooth muscle actin in hepatic stellate cells. Proliferative cells were observed in excess as indicated by increase in immunofluorescent staining of anti KI67. In GIII, moderate improvement was observed in liver architecture. Significant reduction in ALT and AST was also observed. On the other hand, serum albumin level was significantly increased compared to (GII).<br />Conclusion: Withdrawal of CCL4 produced moderate improvement in the structure of the liver. As CCL4 chronic exposure exceeds the regenerative capacity of the liver to restore the normal structurehttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_95925_e0992fbb0f8c5372a974c342b51cfd67.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Histological Study on the Effect of Experimentally Induced Hyperthyroidism on Testes of Adult Albino Rats and Possible Ameliorating Role of L-carnitine63749592710.21608/ejh.2019.13060.1121ENAbdelmonem A.HegazyDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt0000_0002_5993_6618Manal M.MorsyDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt0000-0001-8851-1806Rania SaidMoawadanatomy and embryology
faculty of medicine zagazig university0000-0002-7900-6565Gehad M.ElsayedDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptJournal Article20190521Background: Male fertility requires proper functioning testes and proper hormonal balance as well. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) have been described to be a risk factor in male infertility. L-carnitine (LC) is an amino acid derivative that regulates long chain fatty acids metabolism and possess an antioxidant activity.<br />Aim of Work: It was to evaluate the effect of induced hyperthyroidism on adult albino rats’ testes and the possible ameliorating role of LC.<br />Material and Method: Twenty-four adult male albino rats have been used in this work. They were randomly divided into three groups with eight animals in each group. Group I (Control). Group II (l-thyroxine (T4)-treated): Animals were subjected to administration of 2 μg/ml/day l-thyroxine orally. Group III (T4 and LC-treated): Animals were subjected to administration of the same dose of l-thyroxine and LC at a dose of 500 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection. By the end of the experiment that was 30 days; hormonal essay, semen analyses were done. Specimen of testes was prepared for light microscopic examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain, Mallory’s trichrome stain and immunohistochemical stain with PCNA. In addition, morphometrical studies were performed and statistical analysis of results.<br />Results: Induced hyperthyroidism caused loss of germinal epithelium with gaps among spermatogenic cells which was confirmed by decrease in height of seminiferous tubules. There was loss of active spermatogonia which was confirmed by significant decrease in PCNA immunostaining. Some tubular lumina showed absence of sperms and spermatids and others showed exfoliated nuclei and multinucleated giant cells. LC protected the testicular specimens against such changes; it improved seminal quality and quantity as well as testicular structure and biochemistry.<br />Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism could harm the structure of testis. Fortunately, administration of LC to these cases is suggested to reduce the associated hazards.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_95927_a23886d9dae784529632c364c045a1d3.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on the Effect of Tramadol Abuse on Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Male Albino Rabbits75874369210.21608/ejh.2019.10984.1103ENHanan IbrahimElkerdasyanatomy department, faculty of medicine, benha universityNehal FahmyShaheenanatomy department faculty of medicine, benha universityJournal Article20190321Background: Tramadol is an analgesic used in moderate and severe pain however, tramadol abuse among adolescence leads to various alterations in brain histological structure that leads to psychiatric and physical abnormalities.<br />Aim of the Work: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tramadol abuse in male albino rabbits on the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus and the effect of its withdrawal.<br />Material and Methods: Thirty male albino rabbits were divided into three groups; the control group, the tramadol treated group in which rabbits were received tramadol 42 mg/ kg/ day for ten days then the dose was increased to 84 mg/kg/day for another ten days then 168 mg/kg/day for another ten days. The tramadol recovery group in which rabbits were received the same doses as the previous group then the tramadol intake was stopped and the rabbits were sacrificed after 4 weeks. In the present study, the histological and immunohistochemical studies of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were evaluated.<br />Results: tramadol abuse among the tramadol treated group caused neuronal cell disorganization in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in the form of cell apoptosis, wide intercellular space, degenerative vacuolation and diffuse chromatolyses and strong positive Caspase–3 antibody reaction. After stoppage of tramadol there were many normal neurons with decease the percentile of cell apoptosis, wide intercellular space, degenerative vacuolation and diffuse chromatolyses and mild positive Caspase–3 antibody reaction.<br />Conclusion: Tramadol abuse induced neurotoxicity and histological changes in brain tissue although, after stoppage of tramadol intake there was incomplete regression of brain histopathological alterationshttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_43692_2b1420af3010f2693e6c9994ead35933.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Effects of Dietary Inulin as Prebiotic on Growth Performance, Immuno-haematological Indices and Ectoparasitic Infection of Fingerlings Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis Niloticus881034386610.21608/ejh.2019.15495.1152ENAbdel-Moniem Abdel SadekYonesNational institute of oceanography and fisheriesIsmail Abdel-MonamMohamed EissaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine -Suez Canal University, EgyptMahi AliGhobashyFaculty of Science-Suez Canal University, EgyptSamar SamirMarzokFaculty of Science-Suez Canal University, EgyptJournal Article20190731Background: Prebiotics contain non-digestible ingredients, which beneficially affect to the host by selectively stimulating the growth of one or a limited number of bacteria at the colon. Inulin and oligofructose are the most commonly used as prebiotic food ingredients in aquaculture. Dietary supplemented of inulin has shown an enhancement on growth and health of fish. Aim of the Study: The current study aimed to assess the effects of varying doses of inulin as a natural prebiotic on the growth, nutrient utilization, liver histology, immune responses and ecotoparasitic infection of fingerlings Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Materials and Methods: Eighteen full glass aquaria measuring (75×40×35cm) were distributed into six treatments and each treatment was represented in three replicates (25 fish in each aquarium with an initial body weight of 9.23±0.25g). Six diets were formulated by using two levels of sorghum (15 and 30%) and the inulin, which produced and imported from China was used in each level with three doses 2.5,5.0 and10.0g/kg diet. Fish samples of (blood, histological examination of liver and spleen, ectoparasitic infection and proximate composition of fish) were detected. Results: The results demonstrated that the highest growth performance and feed efficiency were obtained with dietary low inulin ratio (2.5 g/kg diet). White Blood Cell (WBC), Alternative Complement Pathway (ACP) and Superoxide Dismutase Activity (SOD) were affected significantly (P˂0.05) with increased dietary inulin doses. Results of histopathological examinations showed that the fish fed in low dose of inulin improve liver and spleen structures. Also, the ecoparasitic infection showed enhancement in resistance for ectoparasatic with all doses of inulin.<br />Conclusion: The present results showed that inulin supplementation at low dose (2.5g/kg diet) in the two levels of sorghum inclusion (15 & 30%) in dietary Nile Tilapia, enhancing growth performance, immuno-haematological indices, parasitic infection and each of liver and spleen structure of Nile tilapia fingerlings.<br /><br />https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_43866_ce469159b998fbe373fc727cb8b23ca4.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Histological Study of the Effect of Tributyltin on the Adrenal Cortical Cells of Adult Male Albino Rats1041214416610.21608/ejh.2019.13126.1127ENAmany Solaimanhistology and cell biology ,alexandria egypt0000-0002-9406-6152Silvia Seddikhistology and cell biology, alexandria university, EgyptJournal Article20190614Background: Tributyltin is widely used as antifouling paint for marine vessels. It is slowly released from the paint to the water and becomes incorporated into soil, animals and plants. TBT has been identified as an endocrine disruptor and induces oxidative damage. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the probable toxic effect of tributyltin on adrenal cortical cells of adult male albino rats for two different durations. Materials and Methods: Twenty four adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups: Group I: was the control group; Group II: each rat received tributyltin orally at a dose of 1mg daily for one week. Group III: received the same daily dose for successive two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to hormonal assay for aldosterone, corticosterone and ACTH levels. Serum tin levels were assessed. The adrenal tissue was processed for light and electron microscopic examination. In addition, immunoreaction for CD 44 positive was performed. Results: A significant decrease in aldosterone and corticosterone, an increase in ACTH levels and an increase in the mean count of CD44 positive cells in group III have been revealed when compared with the other groups. Histological changes in group II were shown in zona glomerulosa and fasciculata in the form of loss of architecture, cytoplasmic vacuolation and disrupted mitochondrial cristae. Meanwhile, Group III showed few lipid droplets and deeply stained nuclei in both zones. Conclusion: Tributyltin has deleterious effects on cells of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex of adult male albino rats which were time-dependent.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_44166_ef2c3c934991858f365dc3bf27b14572.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301The potential Therapeutic Effect of Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Cuprizone Model of Multiple Sclerosis in the Mice1221434439010.21608/ejh.2019.13731.1129ENMona AbdelfatahBarkathuman anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Alexandria, EgyptAmany MahmoudEl-AgwanyProfessor of Human Anatomy and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of Alexandria.Ayman AhmedKhanforAssistant Professor of Human Anatomy and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of Alexandria.Melad Naim BushraKeladaLecturer of Human Anatomy and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of Alexandria0000-0001-9065-4523.Iman NabilAlexandria faculty of medicine, histology and cell biology departement0009-0004-6202-2237Doaa AliAbdel-monsifAssistant professor of Medical Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of AlexandriaAbeer El-emamDiefProfessor of Medical Physiology,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of Alexandria.Journal Article20190616Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. Current treatments have limited effect on the upstream pathophysiology of the disease. Nowadays, mesenchymal stem cells are considered to be a potential therapeutic tool for various neurodegenerative diseases. Their immune privileged status, trophic nature, and capacity to differentiate into various lineages makes them an ideal vehicle for treatment options.<br /><br />Aim of the study: the goal of this study was to assess the remyelinating potential of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in cuprizone model of MS. <br /><br />Material and methods: AD-MSCs were obtained from male mice and characterized by flow cytometry. Thirty-six female C57BL/6 mice were divided equally among three groups. Group I (control group): mice were fed with a normal diet through the entire duration of the experiment. Groups II and III: mice were fed with a 0.2 % cuprizone containing diet for six weeks. By the end of the sixth week, group II and III mice received a single intravenous injection of 500 µl of a complete culture medium and 1 × 106 AD-MSCs suspended in 500 µl of a complete culture medium respectively. Neurological tests were done before and 9-10 days after the injection. All mice were euthanized at day 10 and corpus callosum was processed for further histological and biochemical examination. Morphometric study was done to assess remyelination. Migration of the male AD-MSCs into the female mice brain was confirmed by SRY gene expression. The obtained data were further statistically analyzed.<br /><br />Results: Cuprizone intake for 6 weeks caused extensive demyelination similar to MS accompanied by neurological deficits and change in the oxidative stress. Intravenous administration of AD-MSCs in group III enhanced the remyelination process improved the motor and cognitive functions and decrease the oxidant level.<br /><br />Conclusion: AD-MSCs provide a valuable potential treatment for neurodegenerative demyelinating diseases such as MS.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_44390_499da6fde7b92381b0e88655b1970063.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Comparative Histological Study on the Preventive Role of Acarbose and Calcipotriol/Betamethasone in Mouse Model of Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation Induced by Imiquimod1441594512210.21608/ejh.2019.13868.1132ENSarah MohammedAlghandourDepartment of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-8005-007XMarwa MohammedSabryDepartment of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt000000023754375xManal AliAbdel MohsenDepartment of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-8032-7454Journal Article20190709Introduction: Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disorder that is symptomized by erythema and scaling. Recently, imiquimod (IMQ) has been used to induce skin inflammation in mice to create a psoriasis model.<br />Aim of the Work: To assess the possible preventive potential of acarbose on psoriasis-like skin inflammation induced by IMQ in adult male mice, and to compare it to calcipotriol/betamethasone applied on the same psoriasis mouse model.<br />Materials and Methods: Thirty four BALB/c mice were classified as the following groups: I(Control), II(IMQ): IMQ-model with topically applied Aldara cream, ІII(Acarbose): IMQ-model treated with Glucobay orally, ІV(Calcipotriol/Betamethasone): IMQ-model treated with Calcipoheal-Cort ointment and V(Acarbose+Calcipotriol/Betamethasone): IMQ-model treated with both Glucobay and Calcipoheal-Cort combined. Haematoxylin & Eosin stain and S100 immunohistochemical staining were performed along with electron microscopic study of skin sections. Mean epidermal thickness and mean number of S100 immuno-positive keratinocytes were measured and measurements were statistically analyzed.<br />Results: Group II mice showed psoriasis-like signs of skin inflammation. Groups III and IV mice showed less signs of inflammation which were markedly attenuated by combination of both of the treatments. Group II demonstrated significant acanthosis and abundant infiltrates of inflammatory cells in the dermis and significantly numerous S100 immuno-positive keratinocytes. Groups III and IV showed significant improvement of these changes which were markedly diminished in group V as it showed almost normal histological structure.<br />Conclusion: Acarbose had an overall beneficial effect on psoriasis-mimicking mouse model triggered by IMQ, almost comparable to that demonstrated by calcipotriol/betamethasone. However, combination of both treatments exerted a more powerful therapeutic effect.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45122_26e47b315259bef2362625c11fb59617.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301The Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C Against Monosodium Glutamate Induced Structural Changes of Adrenal Cortex of the Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study1601724658810.21608/ejh.2019.15187.1144ENEnas AnwarBekheetAnatomy department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University0000-0002-4194-2577Marian MokhtarShokryAnatomy department,Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams universityJournal Article20190724Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a popularly used taste enhancer. MSG proved to cause many degenerative diseases and oxidative damages. Vitamin C has an antioxidant property.<br />Aim: This work aimed to study the possible protective role of vitamin C against Monosodium glutamate induced structural changes of the adrenal cortex.<br />Material and Methods: Forty-five adult male albino rats were used in this study, aged from 4-6 months and weighting 180-200 Kg. Animals were divided into three equal groups. Group I: It was composed of fifteen rats and was further subdivided into three equal subgroups; Subgroup IA: included 5 rats that kept as negative control. Subgroup IB: included 5 rats that received 1ml of distilled water for 8 weeks and Subgroup IC included 5 rats that received vitamin C in a dose of 0.3 mg/Kg body weight /day for 8 weeks. Group II: It included fifteen adult male rats that received 4mg/Kg body weight/ day of MSG for 8 weeks. Group III: It included fifteen rats that received MSG as in group II and vitamin C in a dose of 0.3 mg/Kg body weight /day for 8 weeks.<br />Results: The present study revealed that MSG induced histological changes of adrenal cortex in the form of disorganized structure of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata with increased accumulation of the cytoplasmic droplets and thinning of the capsule. Group III that received vitamin C revealed evident improvement of these changes.<br />Conclusion: Monosodium glutamate led to histoarchitectural changes of adrenal cortex. However, vitamin C greatly improved such changes.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_46588_147a288122a4b289ac2f1621441f12ca.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Assessment of Formalin Teratogenicity on Embryos of Pregnant Albino Rats1731854674710.21608/ejh.2019.15128.1145ENFardous AhmedAl-Kalaaanatomy department , faculty of medicine, alexandria university, Alexandria, EgyptMagdy MamdouhElBordinyclinical pathology department, faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Alexandria, EgyptMelad NaimKeladaanatomy department, faculty of medicine , Alexandria university0000-0001-9065-4523.Aliaa MohamedEl-Alkamyanatomy department, faculty of medicine, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20190724Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is an economically important chemical that is commonly used in the production of industrial, laboratory, household, and cosmetic products. FA is a potential carcinogen and mutagen.<br />Exposure to formaldehyde is common especially among medical and paramedical personnel as it is widely used disinfectant. The exposure becomes maximal and semi- obligatory among workers and personnel of anatomy departments in the different faculties of medicine in a lot of countries and Egypt among; it is the main substance used for cadavers and human parts preservations. Workers and staff of anatomy departments among those with the highest possible formalin exposure with the risk to experience part or most of its possible serious hazardous health effects. This attracts our attention and necessitates a careful study for the possible effects of formalin on the embryos of exposed mothers.<br />Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the teratogenicity of formaldehyde in experimental animals exposed to FA. Methods: The study included fifty adult female albino Mice, that were divided into five groups ; (Ia): Negative control group received distilled water, (Ib): Positive control: received oral colchicines 2mg/kg /day on gestational days 6-13, Group II, III and IV: received formaldehyde orally in gestational days 6-13 with concentrations 7,14 and 21 mg/kg/day respectively. Pregnant females were sacrificed on 18th gestational day. The uterine horns were examined for resorption sites, alive or dead fetuses. Extracted fetuses were examined for external developmental abnormalities and stained for skeletal malformations. Results: Decrease in the body weight of the newborns, Increase frequency of abortion and Fetuses mortality and there were some anomalies among the newborn mice which included umbilical hernia, subcutaneous bleeding , ear deformity, delayed ossification of skull bones and Caudal vertebrae were unossified or showed very small ossification centre. Conclusion: The pervious findings suggest that formaldehyde is a teratogenic substancehttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_46747_87ea45d6f969ce0875090c6b0713943e.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Histopathological and Ultrastructure Changes in the Embryonic Development of Schistocerca Gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera): Acrididae Induced by Lufenuron (CSI) and Rice Bran Extract (Waste Product)1862034800510.21608/ejh.2019.15565.1154ENNoura M.MahdyPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Shimaa S.AhmedDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMona MohamedDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptNaji BadawyPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Mohamed A.AbdouDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190803Background: Waste product compound of rice bran and lufenuron are considered safe compounds to the human and to the environment. They can be used to control Schistocerca gregaria.<br />Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine the ultrastructural changes and histopathological alteration in the Schistocerca gregaria embryogenesis induced by selected waste product compound of rice bran (Oryza sativa) and a chitin synthesis inhibitor (lufenuron).<br />Materials and Methods: Histological and ultrastructure study of normal and affected eggs of Schistocerca gregaria were conducted to demonstrate the effects of lufenuron and rice bran extract on the embryogenesis. Cleavages started about 5 hrs post oviposition (pop) and continue to divide until formation of cellular blastodrem by 1 day pop. By 2 days pop germ band is formed, differentiated into ectoderm and mesoderm. At 3 days pop segmentation of germ band into mouthpart and three thoracic segments occur. Antenna was observed at 3 days pop. Fore and midgut were detected by 5 days pop. Hindgut was also observed by 5 days pop. By 4 days pop, eyes and brain appeared. Brain appeared as two ganglionic masses separated by oesophagus, which by 5 days pop appears as 2 large interconnect cerebral lobes enwrapped by neurilemma. Histological section of affected eggs showed great effects on brain, alimentary canals and compound eyes.<br />Results: Ultrastructure study of newly deposited eggs showed that, the chorion consists of several easily distinguishable layers and in 30-hour-old eggs, cleavage nuclei of different shapes could be observed. The nuclei of the blastoderm cell have spindle shape and have condensed chromatin, which attaches to nuclear membrane. Electron micrograph of lufenuron-affected eggs revealed abnormal chorion and cleavage nuclei. In rice bran affected eggs, disintegrated blastoderm that failed to arranged and sever malformed nuclei were seen. Vaculation and lysis of cell components leaving cavities within the ooplasm were detected in both treatments.<br />Conclusion: The tested compounds induced serious changes to the embryos of Schistocerca gregaria as revealed by the histological and ultrastructure studies
<br /><br />https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_48005_442b42a0ef82bee7d75bfb225dfcbbea.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Deleterious Effect of Maternal administration of Acrylamide on Lung Development and the Prospective Effect of Ascorbic Acid: Pertinent Role of Serum Endocan2042194813510.21608/ejh.2019.14238.1139ENMarwa MahmoodAhmadanatomy and enmbryology, faculty of medicine,zagazig,egypt0000-0002-7486-0172Amira EbrahimAlsemehDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, faculty of medicine,zagzig university1111 2222 3333 4444Ola ElsayedNafeaForensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology department, faculty of Medicine,Zagazig university, EgyptJournal Article20190702Introduction: Acrylamide (ACR) is an environmental pollutant that is present in surrounding environment and Western-style carbohydrate-rich foodstuff and tobacco smoke.<br />Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to assess the potential histological changes in the lung of nascent rats as a consequence to maternal ACR administration and the possible protective role of ascorbic acid (ASA) in rat offspring.<br />Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were randomly assigned into four groups, negative control group, ASA group (100 mg/kg/day), ACR group (10 mg/kg/day) and ACR+ASA group. Ten pups from each group were sacrificed. Biochemical, histological and morphometric techniques were used to determine the effect of ACR and ASA on lung development in the offspring on postnatal days (PND) 2 and 21.<br />Results: The results showed that ACR administration during gestational and lactation periods significantly increased the serum endocan and the lung malondialdehyde (MDA) but decreased the lung reduced glutathione (GSH) along with severe histopathological changes proved ultra-structurally. Morphometric results revealed significant increase thickness in interalveolar septa among ACR group. Concurrent administration of ASC with ACR during gestation period attenuated most of the cytoarchitecture alterations of the developing lungs.<br />Conclusion: Maternal administration of acrylamide resulted in harmful impact on the lung histological structure of rat's offspring through its oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms. Co-administration of ASA along with ACR can ameliorate this deleterious impact through its antioxidant and anti- inflammatory propertieshttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_48135_9ad3457a4ef3170b0c78f40e5ffce0f7.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Quercetin on Methotrexate Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats: Biochemical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Study2202294861210.21608/ejh.2019.12675.1117ENEman El BanaAnatomy and embryology department Benha University EgyptKamal M. KamalAnatomy &embryology department
Benha UniversityJournal Article20190621Background:Methotrexate(Mtx) is an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drug. That may cause hepatotoxicity, whereas quarcetin has anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties.<br />Aim of the work: This study aimed to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of quercetin against methotrexate (Mtx)-induced hepatotoxicity with biochemical and histopathological studies in rats<br />Materials and methods: twenty six Wister albino rats were equally divided into four experimental groups: Control (group I), Mtx group (group II) rats received (single dose of Mtx 20 mg/kg i.p.). QCT protective group (group III) rats pre-treated with QCT (20 mg/kg orally daily for 7 days then Mtx administration. QCT therapeutic group (group IV) rats cotreated with Mtx(20 mg/kg for i.p, single dose)then QCT were given as before .Following treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and liver tissue samples were histopathologically evaluated using H&E, Masson's, PCNA staining, and serum transaminases were measured and statistically compared across all groups<br />Results:Group II (Mtx group) demonstrated hydrobic degeneration of hepatocytes, congestion of hepatic sinusoids ,central veins and portal veins .An apparent increase in collagenous fibers distribution around the central vein and portal tract was detected .In groups III (protected QCT), and group IV (QCT therapeutic groups), showed less histological injury compared to Mtx group as regards liver sections ,but pretreatment with QCT in group III was more effective than in group IV except for mild dilation of sinusoids <br />Conclusion: Methotrexate has a deleterious effect on the liver. Quaricetin may be a potential adjuvant drug to reduce the hepatic side effects observed during Mtx therapy for various clinical conditions.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_48612_a596ffc9594713d661271de1b5bc8083.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Sexual Transformation in the Swordtail Fish Xiphophorues helleri under the Influence of Hydrocortisone Hormone and Temperature2302444867610.21608/ejh.2019.13889.1133ENAli AbdalhassanALaliDepartment of Biology / College of Education for pure sciences / Basrah University / Iraq0000-0002-8910-1267Muneerah AbdalahaIbrahimdepartment of biology /college of education for pure sciences/ basrah university /iraq0000-0002-5919-1505Journal Article20190621Background: Sex in vertebrates is generally determined by two mechanisms: Genetic Sex Determination (GSD) and Environmental Sex Determination (ESD).<br />ِAim: This study evaluated the identification of sex in fish by external factors such as temperature, as well as the role of hormones, such as corticosteroids. The mature Xiphophorus helleri were obtained from aquarium fish shops in Basrah Governorate. The experiments were designed by conducting two experiments involving 40 fishes, the first was in the summer from 30 July 2017 to 28 August 2017 under laboratory temperature (28- 37C°). The water temperature was between (28- 34C°) and 14-hour lighting. The second experiment was in the winter from 3 December 2017 to 2 January 2018 under laboratory temperature (17-21C°) and a water temperature between (16-21C°) and an 11 hours lighting. The mature fishes were divided into two groups, each containing 20, 12 female (1.63g) and 8 male(2.72g), placed in 60-litre glass basins with ventilators and thermometers to measure the water temperature. The first was considered as a control group for both the summer and the winter experiments. The second group was treated for a month with the Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate (Roxcortisone) with a concentration of 2.5 mg /l.<br />Results: Showed that the phenotypic changes in the female X. helleri treated with Hydrocortisone and temperature (28-34°C) and (16-21°C) were caused by gradual elongation of the ventral part of the caudal fin, where the elongation reached the significant limit (6.08±0.03- 1.52±0.83) between females treated in the summer and winter groups respectively and the females of the control group. There was also elongation in the female groups treated in summer and winter but did not<br />reach the significant limit at the probability level (P≤ 0.05).<br />As the results of the microscopic examination for the ovaries of X. helleri treated with Hydrocortisone and temperature (28-34C°) showed the presence of some ovaries containing large numbers of atrophy eggs, ovaries containing lysis embryos and eggs, while other ovaries contained complete growth embryos but dead. As for the ovaries of other female group treated with Hydrocortisone and the temperature of (16-21Co), they were characterized by containing many embryos which are dead and some of them appeared with various congenital malformations, such as those with a puffy head in the cavernous region. It was also noted that some embryos had sprains in different areas of the spine.<br />Conclusion: The hydrocortisone act as a promote to sexual transformation under different temperatures. This sexual transformation is done on one of the external features only, that is the emergence of the sword in females.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_48676_ac9d49c718878334f35c2b65c52d87af.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Expression of OCT4 Stem Cell Marker in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Normal Tissue Around the Prostatic Carcinoma in a Sample of Iraqi Patients2452544876810.21608/ejh.2019.13791.1130ENKhalida Noelhuman anatomy departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0001-6135-7087Mustafa MohamedIbraheemhuman anatomy departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0002-0572-2593Basim ShehabAhmedpathology departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0001-5801-266xAhmed FakhirHameedhuman anatomy departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0002-9400-7072Nibras HatimKhameeshuman anatomy departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0002-9406-0893Sameh SamirAkkilahuman anatomy departement/college of medicine/mustansiriyah university/baghdad/iraq0000-0002-0407-0685Journal Article20190618Objective: Prostatic diseases (benign and malignant) are broadly widespread in the world. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a chronic entity reflected by enlarged prostatic tissue, triggering inferior urinary tract complaints. On the other hand, prostate cancer, is the second most common cancer in men and the fourth utmost commonly happening cancer generally. OCT4 referred to as octamer binding transcription factor 4, also recognized as POU5F1 (POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1), is a protein that in humans is coded by the POU5F1 gene. This protein is analytically elaborate in the self-renewal of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. As such, our work is designed to evaluate the immunohistochemical examination of OCT4 expression in the prostatic epithelium in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in the epithelium of prostatic adenocarcinoma microenvironment (NPCA). Patients and Methods: The prostate samples were acquired from 50 BPH patients, and 50 prostatic cancer patients. The samples were managed for immunohistochemical examination of OCT4 expression. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the staining percentage between the BPH and NPCA group (P-value=0.009), and there was significant staining expression of OCT4 in NPCA group as compared to BPH group (P-value=0.000). Also, there was a significant elevation of the total score of OCT4 in NPCA group (P-value=0.036) as compared with BPH group. Conclusions: OCT4 is over expressed in normal tissue around prostatic carcinoma as compared to benign tissue in BPH, and thus OCT4 can be used as a stem cell marker for prostatic tissue tuomorigenicity.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_48768_4431fe4ae91249e4beee5980c8b4bebb.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Histological and Ultrastructural Studies on the Effect of Amoxicillin on the Liver of Mice Foetuses2552666057710.21608/ejh.2019.16315.1158ENSahar SabryDepartment of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityHeba IbrahimRashadDepartment of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityMohamed AbdelhamidShahinDepartment of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20190827Introduction: In spite of the beneficial role of the beta-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of many cases of urinary tract infections, acute otitis media, and pneumonia, yet some medical reports incriminating it in producing certain adverse consequences following its use. Antibiotics remain important in pregnancy and may be second to only iron and food supplement.<br />Aim of Work: Hence, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of two doses of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin on the liver of maternally treated foetuses.<br />Materials and Methods: The pregnant female mice were allocated into three groups. The pregnant mothers of the first group served as control group (injected intra peritoneally with the drug solvent) and those of the other two groups were injected intra peritoneally for 8 days from day 7 till day14 during gestation with the low dose (205 mg/ kg body weight) and high dose (820 mg/ kg body weight) of the beta-lactam antibiotics amoxicillin.<br />Results: The histological examination of the foetal liver sections of amoxicillin-treated groups showed vacuolar and fatty degenerations in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration. At the ultrastructure level, the hepatocytes of maternally treated foetuses revealed conspicuous alternations, represented by devastations of mitochondria that displayed loss of their cristae and their internal matrices materials. Fragmentation of the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum into smaller stacks was also observed.<br />Conclusion: The use of such doses of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin induces morphological alterations in fotal liver of mice subjected to this antibiotic during the period of gestationhttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_60577_8b5c27b498ea6311eed63b579111ea7f.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Correlative Histological and Umami Taste Assessment Study of Gustatory Papillae on the Dorsal Lingual Mucosa in Different Animal Species2672855536910.21608/ejh.2019.17702.1181ENFatma AdelSaadPhD, Lecturer, Oral biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Future University in Egypt,0000-0001-6209-8654Rehab Abdel MoneimPhD, associate professor, Oral biology department, faculty of dentistry, Cairo university and Future university in Egypt0000-0003-4914-4876Mona FathyEl DeebPhD, associate professor, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of dentistry, Future University in Egypt.0000-0002-1339-4446Journal Article20191002Background: A correlative characterization of oral mucosa was carried out in common animal species. Objective: This work aimed to correlate the histological structure of lingual gustatory papillae as well as the immunohistochemical reactivity to a particular umami receptor among different animal species to categorize the best experimental animal models for research. Methods: The dorsal lingual mucosal specimens were obtained from four species (orders) including; chicken (Galliformes), frogs (Anura), camels (Artiodactyla) and rabbits (Lagomorpha). They were processed for routine histological examination; histochemical staining using periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome in addition to immunohistochemical localization of umami metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 (mGluR4) antibody. Results: Chicken, camels and rabbits exhibited keratinized stratified epithelium on the dorsal lingual mucosa with statistically greatest thickness in anterior lingual epithelium of chicken. For frogs, filiform and fungiform papillary walls were formed of mucous secreting columnar monolayer epithelium with a subjacent spindle cell layer. Insignificant differences in PAS staining intensity of dorsal lingual epithelium were noted between chicken anteriorly and rabbits as well as between chicken posteriorly and camels with the greatest significant intensity in frogs reflecting the highest content of glycogen and mucin. Likewise, the density of lamina propria and degree of collagen fibers bundling detected by Masson's trichrome were significantly different among species greatest in chicken and least in frogs. Intraepithelial taste buds were found in chicken while frogs displayed on top of fungiform papillae the largest gustatory disc among vertebrates. Camels and rabbits presented conventional papillary taste buds with the absence of foliate papillae in camels. Chicken and camel were negatively immunoreacted to mGluR4; frogs and rabbits were positively immunoreacted with the strongest reaction in rabbits. Conclusion: It was concluded that the direct association between histological variations of masticatory lingual mucosa and diverse environmental factors would reflect the adaptation capability of the lingual tissue.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_55369_fa5d233451f3a22a95e046df6684abc9.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Effect of Simvastatin on the Skeletal Muscles of Senile Male Albino Rats and Possible Protective Role of L-Carnitine. A Histological Study2863005817510.21608/ejh.2019.17989.1184ENMervat MehannaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar UniversityEzz El-Dein El-SharkawyAbd AllahDepaetment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, DamiettaFatma Alzahraa NabilAlshahedDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar UniversityHagar WahdanAl-AzabDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Uiniversity, DamiettaJournal Article20191009Background: Hyperlipidemia is a disorder in metabolism which means an abnormal increase in levels of lipids (as cholesterol) and lipid-protein in the blood. It is one of the risk factors that mainly cause atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, cerebral stroke, and renal failure. Simvastatin (S) is one of the most prescribed drugs frequently all over the world due to its excellent performance as hypolipidemic and its relatively low price. L-carnitine (LC) is a nutritional supplement supporting with clinical challenges such as dyslipidemia, anorexia & physical performance. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of LC on the skeletal muscle of hyperlipidemic rats treated with (S).<br />Materials and Methods: Thirty senile male albino rats were used, divided into five equal groups as follows: control group (GI) and the other four groups were fed the high-fat diet for three weeks till the occurrence of hyperlipidemia. GII: was fed the high-fat diet for three weeks (hyperlipidemic) then sacrificed. GIII: hyperlipidemic rats were then treated orally with (S; 1.5 mg/rat/ /day) for 4 weeks. GIV: hyperlipidemic rats were then treated orally with (LC; 20 mg/rat/day) for 4 weeks. GV: hyperlipidemic rats were then treated with (S) and (LC) at the same time. Samples were taken and processed for light and electron microscopic studies.<br />Results: Application of (S) induced multiple changes of muscles as loss of transverse striations, splitting of myofibrils, and presence of central nuclei. Treatment with (LC) causes improvement of these changes.<br />Conclusion: Application of (LC) improved the degenerative changes of muscle obtained by administration of (S).https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_58175_b15f27b7ea33193f8082a18c1abbfba4.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Structural and Behavioural Changes in Rat Hippocampus Induced by Methotrexate and The potential ameliorative Effect of Alpha lipoic acid3013245795910.21608/ejh.2019.17654.1179ENAmira EbrahimAlsemehAnatomy and embrylogy department,faculty of medicine zagazig university1111 2222 3333 4444Amal Al ShahatIbrahimDepartment of Human anatomy and embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptHeba OsamaMohammedAnatomy and embrylogy,faculty of medicine,zagazig universiity0000-0002-0944-6186Mohammed OmarBalhajiAnatomy and embryology ,faculty of medicine,zagazig universityJournal Article20191001Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is a chemotherapy drug associated with cognitive insufficiency in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) has been referred to as the "universal antioxidant" because of its unique antioxidant properties.<br />Aim: To inspect the effect of MTX on the hippocampus and to correlate them with the cognition impairment and to assess the practical neuroprotective role of ALA on hippocampus.<br />Material and Method: Thirty two male adult albino were classified into four groups: control group (Physiologic saline), ALA group: (200 mg/kg orally for three weeks), MTX group: (250 mg/ kg) as a single dose intraperitoneally injected and MTX +ALA group: rats were administrated a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of MTX (250 mg/ kg) in the fourth day and were given ALA in a dose of 200 mg/kg orally for three weeks starting from the first day. All animals were subjected to Morris Water Maze testing to assess the hippocampus functions. At the end of the experiment, all animals anesthetized, cerebrum removed and the specimen subjected to histological procedures and biochemical examination.<br />Results: MTX caused impaired performance of Morris Water Maze of rats and biochemical changes significant decrease in oxidative enzymes and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) tissue levels. Moreover, MTX caused histological changes in rat hippocampus in the form of degenerative and apoptotic neurons which confirmed by immnnohistochemical staining of caspase -3 and GFAP staining and morphometrical analysis of pyramidal cell layer thickness and pyramidal cell count. Co-administration of ALA with MTX significantly diminished the behavioral affection and biochemical changes in rat treated with MTX and ameliorated the histological changes of hippocampus tissue.<br />Conclusion: Our experimental results proved the harmful effect of MTX on hippocampus tissue that explained the cognitive impairment that associated with MTX and confirm the antioxidant and the antiapoptotic properties of ALA on hippocampus tissue.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_57959_0355d16d184755483d0a955e851c6f0a.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Extra Hepatic Effects of Sofosbuvir on A Serous Model of Major and Minor Salivary Glands in Albino Rats3253395525410.21608/ejh.2019.18330.1187ENFatma AdelSaadPhD, Lecturer, Oral biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Future University in Egypt,0000-0001-6209-8654Iman AboushadyPhD, Associate Professor, Oral Biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 Al Saraya, Al Manial, Giza Governorate, 11553 Egypt0000-0003-3284-1878Samah MehanniPhD, Professor, Oral biology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 Al Saraya, Al Manial, Giza Governorate, 11553 Egypt0000-0002-8910-904xJournal Article20191017Background: Extra hepatic adverse effects associated with the therapy of chronic HCV infection with sofosbuvir treatment regimens have recently arisen.<br />Objective: This study aimed to assess the inflammatory effect of sofosbuvir and its influence on cellular proliferation, functionality and differentiation of both submandibular (SMGs) and Von Ebner's salivary glands (EGs).<br />Methodology: 21 adult male albino rats were divided into three equal groups: GroupI (control) received orally distilled water; GroupII received orally sofosbuvir (40 mg/kg/day) dissolved in distilled water for one month and GroupIII received sofosbuvir for 2 months. SMGs and EGs sections were processed for H&E, immunohistochemical (using anti-COX-2 and anti-PCNA antibodies) and immunofluorescence (using anti α-amylase antibody) examination.<br />Results: Compared to control group, groupII displayed atrophic changes in SMGs and EGs which were accentuated in groupIII; shrunken acini, glandular cell vacuolization, nuclear degenerative signs, wide degenerative stromal areas and flattening of excretory ductal lining with stagnant secretion as well as the transformation of few serous glandular cells into mucous-like cells particularly in SMGs of groupIII. Likewise, both glands of groupIІ showed significantly increased immunoreactivity to COX-2 in acini and some ductal cells but with a significant decrease in those of groupIII. Regarding PCNA immunoreactivity and α-amylase immunofluorescence, significantly diminished positivity in the glandular cells of both glands in groupII was detected compared to control group whilst insignificant improvement was elucidated in those of groupIII comparing to groupII except for the significant reactivity to α-amylase in EGs of groupIII.<br />Conclusions: It was concluded that the oxidative stress associated degenerative changes caused by sofosbuvir in salivary glands after one month of administration seemed to be diminished after two months of administration due to the body acquired drug tolerance to restore the disturbed physiological processes. Hence, the use of anti-oxidants as an adjuvant treatment could be beneficial.https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_55254_1cedc0b8781e510fee62c82a7a99cf6f.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301The Possible Therapeutic Effect of Rebamipide and Stem Cell Derivative Microvesicles on Experimentally Provoked Colitis in Rats: Histological and Immuno Hisochemical Study3403522915910.21608/ejh.2019.10575.1100ENOmima KamelHelalHistology, medicine, benhaAisha MansyHistology, medicine, benhaOla MostafaMohamedHistology, medicine, benhaHala ElsayedRadwanhistology and cell biology
faculty of medicine
benha univeristy12345576788899Journal Article20190313Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder. Clinically, there are periods of pain in abdomen and bloody diarrhea. The used medication induce clinical diminution, but with many difficulties.<br />Aim of the study Evaluation the beneficial outcomes of rebamipide and microvesicles come from mesenchymal stem cells on treatment of induced colitis.<br />Material and methods Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Group I was the control group. Group II rats received intra-colonic instillation of 1 ml/rat/day of 5% acetic acid (5% v/v) for 3 sequential days. Group III Rats were received a suspension of (1 % rebamipide and 1.5% carboxy-methyl cellulose), intra-colonic in a dose 1 mL/kg/day after provocation of colitis for 14 days . Group IV rats were given out a single dose of 15 μg of microvesicles dissolved in 0.5 ml of phosphate buffered solution (PBS) delivered intravenous in caudal vein after provocation of colitis. Group V rats were given microvesicles and Rebamipide as Group ПI and Group IV after provocation of colitis. The colon sections were managed and examined using histological and immunohistochemical study.<br />Results Group II showed patchy ulceration with loss of surface epithlium and under-lying connective tissue. There is infiltration of mononuclear cells and congested blood vessels in lamina propria and sub mucosa. Group III showed near-normal mucosa with surface columnar cell and goblet cells in some areas with discontinuity in certain areas. Group IV showed almost intact mucosa. Group V showed intact mucosa with surface absorptive cells and goblet cells close to control group.<br />Conclusion: Each of rebamipide and microvesicle improved the prompted ulcerative colitis, but their combination was more effectivehttps://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29159_7c18d5a33225da114fb3ea2dcc13e8f5.pdfEgyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).Egyptian Journal of Histology1110-055943120200301Comparative Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on the Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs (Metformin Versus Sitagliptin) on the Testes of Adult Male Albino Rat3533726567410.21608/ejh.2019.17141.1172ENRania IYassiendepartment of histology, faculty of medicine, Menofya university0000-0002-7754-2049Nagwa SaadGhoneimDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufyia University, Sheibin El Kom, EgyptJournal Article20190909Background: Many complications have been detected for diabetes mellitus which is considered one of the most dangerous metabolic diseases. Little is known for reproductive complications of oral antidiabetic drugs.<br />Aim of Work: This study aims to evaluate and compare the effects of common oral antidiabetic drugs (Metformin and Sitagliptin) on adult male albino rat testes through biochemical, histological, immune histochemical and morphometric studies.<br />Material and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were used. They were divided into three groups, control group (GI), Metformin group (GII) and Sitagliptin group (GIII). Testes were cut off and processed for histological study by using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Mallory trichrome (M.T) and electron microscope examination. Immunohistochemical examination as Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) , Androgen receptor (AR), and Caspase3 stains were done. Serum testosterone, Malondialdehyde (MDA), sperm count and motility were measured. Morphometric studies were also done.<br />Results: Testes of Sitagliptin rats show marked destruction of many seminiferous tubules (S.Ts). Damage of their lining germinal epithelium and vacuolation of its cytoplasm and marked reduction in number of sperms in lumen are seen. Interstitial Leydig cell show degenerative changes. Marked deposition of collagen fibers between S.Ts is observed. Strong positive reaction for Caspase 3 and weak reaction in PCNA and AR stains are seen.<br />Testes of Metformin rats show less histopathological changes. Many tubules have nearly intact layers of germinal epithelium, and some sperms in lumen. Moderate deposition of collagen fibers between tubules is noticed. Moderate reaction with Caspase 3, PCNA and AR stains are observed. These changes are in harmony with electron microscopic findings which are seen in all groups.<br />Conclusion: Both Metformin and Sitagliptin drugs have destructive histological effects on the testes but Sitagliptin has more marked effect. So, in young aged diabetic male, it's preferable to use Metformin drug with continuous follow up.
<br /><br />https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_65674_d7d40a6e10e9616005f82405798b2c2a.pdf