@article { author = {Altayeb, Zainab and Salem, Maysara}, title = {The effect of ethanol on rat tongue and the possible protective role of royal jelly: Light and scanning electron microscopic study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {265-276}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4654}, abstract = {Background: Ethanol is the most commonly used and abused xenobiotic in the world. Royal jelly (RJ) has been considered as an antioxidant that protects against different agents.Aim of the work: This study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanol on the rat tongue and the possible protective role of royal jelly.Material and methods: Twenty five adult male rats were used in this study and were divided into 4 groups. Group I: 10 rats were divided equally into negative and positive controls. Group II: 5 rats received RJ at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight by gastric tube daily for 30 days. Group III: 5 rats received ethanol at a dose of 10 ml/kg body weight from 30% v/v ethanol solution in distilled water by a gastric tube daily for 30 days. Group IV: 5 rats received both RJ and ethanol as the same previous doses by gastric tube for 30 days. Tongue sections were histologically prepared and examined.Results: The results revealed that group II was nearly as group I. Group III revealed by LM dorsal surface of the tongue was covered by irregularly arranged, short and long lingual papillae. Some papillae were thin, with blunted tips and others were completely absent. The epithelial lining of the ventral surface also showed an apparent reduction in thickness. The keratin layer of the ventral surfaces of the tongue appeared in some regions discontinuous and detached. Some skeletal muscle fibers revealed separations and vacuolations.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination revealed a noticeable atrophy of lingual papillae from being short to being absent in focal areas. They were irregularly arranged in different directions. Group IV revealed amelioration of these changes.Conclusion: Ethanol has damaging effects on the lingual papillae and muscles and royal jelly has a protective role for these effects.}, keywords = {ethanol,Lingual Papillae,royal jelly}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5232.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5232_13f0c1a0f5bd32ac492a2cbeb68123c7.pdf} } @article { author = {Hanfy, Suzy and Mostafa, Hany and Abd El Moneim, Azza and Farid, Hend}, title = {Effect of moderate intensity noise exposure on the cochlea of adult male guinea pig and the possible protective role of Pravastatin: Histological study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {277-289}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4655}, abstract = {Introduction: Noise induced hearing loss, which is the second most common type of sensorineural hearing loss after presbycusis, is an irreversible disorder but potentially preventable. Extensive studies have documented the damaging effects of high intensity acoustic overexposures on the cochlea, but only few works have focused on the danger of overexposure to moderate intensity noise. Statins recently attracted more attention due to their pleotropic effects.Aim: To evaluate the structural changes in the cochlea of adult male guinea pigs exposed to moderate intensity noise and to assess the possible protective role of Pravastatin.Materials and Methods: Twenty four adult male guinea pigs were included. They were divided into three groups. Group I: served as a control group. Group II: animals were exposed to noise 70-90 dB 6 hours/day for 6 wk. Group III: animals were exposed to noise for the same duration and received Pravastatin 20 mg/kg/day once daily from the 1st day of exposure for 6 weeks.Results: Light and scanning electron microscopic examination of the cochleae of group II revealed that noise exposure resulted in extensive degrees of damage to the hair cells, their stereocilia, stria vascularis and spiral ganglia. Administration of Pravastatin resulted in improvement of the cochlear structures compared to the noise exposed group. Morphometric and statistical study confirmed the previous results.Conclusion: Pravastatin daily administration during exposure to moderate intensity noise showed protective effects on the cochlear structure of guinea pig.}, keywords = {Cochlea,Guinea pig,Noise,pravastatin}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5233.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5233_315f90853dbbb0dc86d7683169c1d343.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamam, Ghada and Fekry, Heba and Abdel Gawad, Sara}, title = {Effect of pirfenidone on cardiac complications in a model of Kawasaki disease in female Balb/C Mice: Histological and Immunohistochemical study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {290-302}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4656}, abstract = {Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an immune mediating vasculitis affecting many systems especially the cardiovascular system. Pirfenidone is known for its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects.Aim of work: to study the possible protective effect of pirfenidone on cardiac complications in a model of KD induced by Bacillus Calmette-Gue´rin (BCG) injection.Materials and Methods: This study included 18 female Balb/C mice that were divided into three groups. Group I (control group), group II (KD group) that received single injection of BCG in tail vein, and group III (pirfenidone group) that received BCG as group II and daily oral pirfenidone till end of experiment. All mice were sacrificed 21 days after the injection, hearts were collected and examined.Results: Group II revealed irregular separated cardiac myocytes and interstitial inflammation. Coronaries were seen with thin wall and irregular lumen. Localized intimal thickening and irregularly arranged smooth muscles were noticed in the media. Perivasular inflammation was also noticed. Mallory stained sections revealed interstitial, vascular and perivascular fibrosis. Orcein stained sections revealed disruption of internal and external elastic laminae. Positive immune reaction for TNF-α was also noticed in group of KD. Pirfenidone treatment minimized the histological changes induced in KD. Little mononuclear cellular infiltration was still noticed in the myocardium. Moderate collagen fibers were seen in the adventitia and intact elastic laminae.Conclusions: Pirfenidone aborted the cardiovascular complications associated with KD.}, keywords = {Coronary,heart,histology,Kawasaki disease,Pirefenidone,TNF-α}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5234.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5234_77917565669a48c49c35f8e78b06464d.pdf} } @article { author = {Mousa, Mostafa and Khalil, Noha and Hashem, Amal and Kora, Mohamed}, title = {Immunohistochemical study of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and somatolactin during induced spawning of Liza ramada}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {303-314}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4657}, abstract = {Introduction: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a crucial regulator of gonadal development and reproduction in fish. In addition, it is a possible secretagogue of somatolactin (SL) in teleosts. Little is known about the possible association of GnRH and SL during reproduction of Liza ramada.Aim of the work: The present study was designed to investigate the GnRH and SL immunoreactivities during inducing the final stages of maturation, ovulation and spawning of Liza ramada; to assess the possible actions of these hormones on sexual maturation and spawning of teleosts.Materials and Methods: Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were generally performed to describe the immunoreactivity of both GnRH and SL during ovarian maturation and spawning of Liza ramada.Results: The mammalian GnRH (mGnRH) cell bodies were observed in the medulla oblongata. However, SL-immunoreactive (-IR) cells were detected in the pars intermedia (PI) of the pituitary gland. The GnRH-IR nerve terminals are in close contact with SL-IR pituitary cells. Importantly, the activity of both mGnRH-IR neurons and SL-IR pituitary cells were increased as reflected with the increased cell number and size during sexual maturation and spawning. The activity of these cells was more pronounced as indicated by the increased cells number and size with more immunoreactivity in pre-spawning female. During final maturation and spawning, mGnRH-IR neurons and SL cells showed an increase in the secretory activity as reflected by their small sizes, vacuolated appearance and weak immunoreactivity.Conclusions: Taken together, these findings suggest that the close contact of mGnRH-IR terminals with SL-IR cells in the pituitary, together with the concomitant changes of GnRH and SL immunoreactivity in response to progress in the reproductive events suggest that GnRH may regulate SL release and the regulation of reproductive activity in L. ramada.}, keywords = {Gonadotropin-releasing hormone,Immunocytochemistry,Liza ramada,maturation,Ovulation,somatolactin,Spawning}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5235.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5235_fd2bd80a80db133a83fc69e7e3a3117b.pdf} } @article { author = {Fares, Amal and Khaled, Doaa and Khalaf, Mohamed and Elsayed, Asmaa and Ghazal, Ramez}, title = {Garlic extract and phonophoresis in wound healing: Histological and immunohistochemical study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {315-327}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4658}, abstract = {Background: Garlic extract can be used alongside conventional antibiotics to fight agents of nosocomial infections, prevalent in hospitals. Phonophoresis is the use of therapeutic ultrasound to increase the percutaneous absorption of pharmacologic agents.Aim of the work: To compare between the use of garlic extract with and without phonophoresis in wound healing in male albino rats.Material & methods: Twenty four male albino rats were classified into 4 equal groups. Group I included 6 rats used as the control group. Group II; 6 rats subjected to wound injury; of them 3 were sacrificed after 2weeks (subgroup-IIa) and the other 3 rats were sacrificed after 3 weeks (subgroup IIb). Group III (Garlic-extract treated) included 6 rats subjected to wound injury and received garlic extract gel daily. Of them, 3 rats and were sacrificed after 2weeks of treatment (subgroup-IIIa). The other 3 rats were sacrificed after 3 weeks of teatment (subgroup-IIIb). Group IV (Garlic extract /Phonophoresis, both) 6 rats subjected to wound injury and received garlic extract gel daily together with phonophoresis 3 times/week. Of which, 3 rats sacrificed after 2 weeks (subgroup-IVa) and 3 rats were sacrificed after 3 weeks (subgroup-IVb). The wound surface areas were measured. Skin sections were processed for histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies.Results: Examination of skin sections in the wound group (group II) showed wide separation of edges and few hair follicles with reduced thickness and desquamated keratin. In group III and group IV, there was marked regeneration of the epidermis and dermis. With significant increase in hair follicles number in group IV compared to group III. Multiple immunostained CD44 +ve cells were detected in group IV.Conclusion: Both garlic and phonophoresis helped wound healing but Garlic extract/phonophoresis combination revealed faster and better (i.e., more complete wound) healing compared to garlic extract application without phonophoresis.}, keywords = {garlic extract,phonophoresis,wound}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5236.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5236_bf81d8361ea91414dd9789fabef64ba5.pdf} } @article { author = {Farag, Eman and Yousry, Marwa and Omar, Abeer}, title = {Histological study on the detrimental influences of white LED light on the retina of adult albino rat and the potential effect of simultaneous nicotine administration with highlighting their possible mechanisms}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {328-344}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4659}, abstract = {Background: Light-emitting diodes (LED), the most effective and economic artificial source of light, proved to emit more blue light than traditional sources even the most popular white LED light. Blue light had many health problems as light-retinal damage. Nicotine, one of the main solid of cigarette smoke, caused end organ damage and promoted retinal lesions through different mechanisms.Aim of the work: Investigating the possible retinal changes induced by domestic white LED light in albino rat and the probable impact of nicotine on these changes with highlighting their possible mechanisms.Materials and Methods: Forty-two adult male albino rats were equally divided into three groups; control (I), LED (II) & Nicotine-LED (III). Groups II and III were kept in 5 days normal light/dark cycle, 14 days darkness then normal cycle with domestic white LED light for 9 days. Additionally, rats of group III received daily oral nicotine (3 mg /day) for 28 days (experimental duration). All rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and superoxide anion (O2−) level was measured in the retinal homogenates of each group. Retinal sections from all groups were subjected to toluidine blue, H&E and immunohistochemical stains for caspase-3, vimentin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Area percent of positive reactions, thickness of outer and inner nuclear layers and number of ganglion cells were measured. The obtained data is then statistically analyzed.Results: Features of retinal damage and increased O2− level were detected in both groups II and III with marked injury in group III. Studying group III immunohistochemically, revealed marked increase in vimentin and iNOS and significant decrease in caspase-3 positive reactions versus group II.Conclusions: White LED light could result into deleterious retinal damage which could be exaggerated by nicotine, a main component of cigarette smoke, and rapidly progressed to age related macular degeneration.}, keywords = {LED,Nicotine,retina,vimentin,iNOS and caspase-3}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5237.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5237_d32c72e227e7848dfd91fba7a216f0dd.pdf} } @article { author = {Fattin, Shaimaa and Abd ElSalam, Nevert and Bahaa, Nevine and Baher, Walaa}, title = {Effect of silica oxide nanoparticles on liver of adult male albino rat. Light and electron microscopic study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {345-361}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4660}, abstract = {Introduction: Silica oxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) have a dominant medical role because of their fundamental characteristics. They have a wide range size (from 5 to 1000 nm). They possess unique optical properties, high specific surface area, low density, adsorption capacity, capacity for encapsulation, and biocompatibility. These features led to their wide use in biomedical applications as catalyst supports, drug carriers, and gene delivery. However, little is known about their possible cytotoxic effects, especially with their wide biodistibution on different organs has been reported.Aim of the work: To assess the effect of different doses and durations of intravenous injections of SiO2NPs on the hepatic tissue structure of adult male albino rats.Materials and Methods: Forty Wistar male adult albino rats were divided randomly into three groups. Group I; served as control group, group II; injected with 10 mg/kg SiO2NPs for two and four weeks and group III; injected with 30 mg/kg SiO2NPs for two and four weeks. All doses were given by intravenous injection in the tail vein. At the end of the experiment, liver of all rats was dissected out and processed for histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructure study. Morphometric measurements and statistical analysis were also performed.Results: SiO2NPs injections didn’t affect the hepatic lobular organization in any dose or duration. However, they caused hepatocytes structural changes, hepatic granulomatous inflammatory reaction accompanied by localized fibrosis, being prominent with increasing SiO2NPs’ dose and duration of administration.Conclusions and Recommendations: SiO2NPs could affect the liver even at small doses. This was augmented with increasing dose and duration of administration. More investigation must be done to fully elucidate the interplay between hepatocytes and other non-parenchymal hepatic cells.}, keywords = {Ito cell,Kupffer cell,Liver,Pit cell,Silica oxide nanoparticle (SiO2NPs)}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5238.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5238_72fa5218147e2aff7b380e1ca5b85194.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Gawad, Sara and Ali, Hadwa and Fikry, Heba}, title = {Neuroregenerative role of transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells in a model of sciatic nerve crush injury in rats: Histological study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {362-373}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4661}, abstract = {Background: Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are highly specialized glial cells that guide olfactory receptor axons from nasal mucosa to olfactory bulb. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are attractive candidates for transplantation-mediated repair of injured nervous system owing to their neuroregenerative properties.Aim of the work: To evaluate the neuroregenerative role of OECs in a model of sciatic nerve crush injury in rats.Materials and Methods: OECs were isolated from the olfactory mucosa of 15 male albino rats (100 gm). Thirty adult female albino rats (200-250 gm) were used and divided into three groups of 10 rats each. Group I (control group) underwent sham operation. Group II underwent crush injury of sciatic nerve. Group III underwent sciatic nerve crush injury then injected with single dose of 3×104 OECs at the lesion site. All rats were sacrificed after 3 weeks from the onset of the experiment.Results: Histological examination of sciatic nerves of group II rats showed discontinuity of nerve fibers with vacuolated axoplasm. OECs transplantation in group III revealed restoration of the normal histological architecture of the sciatic nerves. A significant decrease in the diameter of myelinated nerve fibers and myelin sheath thickness was recorded in group II compared to the control group. However, group III revealed a significant increase in the previous parameters compared to group II.Conclusions: Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) have neuroregenerative properties which might represent a new vision in human cell based therapy.}, keywords = {histology,Olfactory ensheathing cells,Rats,sciatic nerve}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5239.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5239_1749c26d75d2e51d0c9e8694361cf8c8.pdf} } @article { author = {Mazen, Nehad and Saleh, Ebtehal and Mahmoud, Abeer and Shaalan, Aly}, title = {Histological and immunohistochemical study on the potential toxicity of sliver nanoparticles on the structure of the spleen in adult male albino rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {374-387}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4662}, abstract = {Introduction: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain one of the controversial research areas regarding their distribution, dissolution and their toxicity to biological systems.Aim of the work: To evaluate the potential toxicity of different doses of AgNPs on the spleen of adult Albino rats.Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into two main groups; control group: included ten rats that received intraperitoneal saline solution, daily, and experimental group: included thirty rats that received intraperitoneal AgNPs dissolved in saline solution, and were equally subdivided into three subgroups. Subgroup IIa received AgNPs (100 mg/kg/d), subgroup IIb received AgNPs (500 mg/kg/d) and subgroup IIc received AgNPs (1000 mg/kg/d). After 28 days, rats were euthanized and the spleen specimens were prepared for light and electron microscope studies.Results: Spleen of AgNPs-treated rats revealed dose-dependent structural changes in the form of reduced sized white pulp follicles with depletion of lymphocytes, degeneration and apoptosis. Nanoparticles were seen in both white and red pulps. There was a highly statistical significant increase in the optical density of caspase-3 in subgroups IIa, IIb and IIc when compared to that of the control group.Conclusions: AgNPs induced structural alterations in the spleen with evidence of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. These effects were dose-dependent.}, keywords = {rat,silver nanoparticles,spleen,Ultrastructure}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5240.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5240_c649ad6c24ed9c18db37aa345b8b8536.pdf} } @article { author = {Raafat, Mona and Abdel Gawad, Sara and Fikry, Heba}, title = {Histological study on the possible therapeutic role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in a model of Schistosoma mansoni infestation of spleen of mice}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {388-404}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/EJH.2017.4663}, abstract = {Background: Hepatosplenomegaly is a characteristic feature of Schistosoma infestation. However, splenic injury had received little scientific researches than the well-known liver injury. Moreover, the role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in treatment of splenic injury due to schistosomiasis has not yet been investigated.Aim of the work: To explore the structural changes which might occur to spleen during chronic infestation with schistosomiasis and the possible therapeutic role of (BMMSCs) in ameliorating these changes.Materials & Methods: Fifty female Swiss Albino mice, weighing about 25 gm were classified into group A (control group) and group B (experimental group). Animals in group A were equally subdivided into subgroup AI which served as donors for stem cells obtained from their bone marrow, and subgroup AII which were injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and used to collect control spleen samples. Whereas, animals in group B, were all infected with S. mansoni cercariae (60/ mouse) by subcutaneous injection, then subdivided into three subgroups; subgroup BI sacrificed after eight weeks, subgroup BII treated intraperitoneally with 2x106 MSCs suspended in PBS per mouse at eighth week after infestation hen scarified four weeks later, and subgroup BIII allowed to survive for twelve weeks without treatment then sacrificed.Results: Histological examination of spleen sections of subgroup BI showed structural changes including deposition of eggs which were surrounded by inflammatory cells and collagen fibers. Subgroup BIII showed more extensive structural changes. This was associated with significant increase in collagen fibers and TNF-α immunological reaction compared to control. However, (BMMSCs) treated subgroup BII illustrated improvement of splenic structure.Conclusions: Chronic Schistosoma mansoni infestation has a deleterious effect on the structure of the spleen. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells have a relevant therapeutic potential on the spleen of an animal model of Schistosoma mansoni.}, keywords = {Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,histology,Mice,Schistosoma mansoni,spleen}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5241.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_5241_a68d3e4cfeeed3629631fb06a1e97460.pdf} }