@article { author = {Tadros, Soad and Mohamed, Dina and Ahmed, Marwa and Hussein, yasser}, title = {Effect of Adipose-derived stem cells versus clomiphen on treatment of experimental polycystic ovary in rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {373-385}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.4517.1016}, abstract = {Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO) is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction with polycystic ovary morphology and features of hyperandrogenism.Aim of work: This work aimed to compare the histological effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) to clomiphen on the treatment of letrozole experimentally-induced polycystic ovary in rats.Materials and methods: 50 adult female albino rats were divided into: Group I (control), group ІІ (PCO group) that received Letrozole for 21 days. Then 5 rats from each group were sacrificed to prove PCO. Remaining 20 rats of PCO group were subdivided: Subgroup ІІB (Recovery group), Subgroup ІІC (clomiphene-treated group), Subgroup ІІD (ADSCs-treated group), Subgroup ІІE: (clomiphene + ADSCs treated group), while the control group was subdivided into subgroups IB, IC, ID and IE, that received the solvents for 3 more weeks as in the corresponding subgroups in G II. Ovarian specimens were processed and stained with H and E, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) reaction, immunohistochemichal stain using Ki 6. Morphometric and statistical analyses were done.Results: PCO group showed dilated ovarian cysts, thinned granulosa layer, cell debris appeared in the follicular cavity. Clomiphen and ADSC improved the ovarian histological architecture where various stages of ovarian follicles were noticed, including corpora lutea and few cysts.Conclusion: Clomiphen effect was found to be comparable with ADSC effect , while combining ADSC + Clomiphen gave the best results.}, keywords = {adipose derived stem cells,clomiphen,Ki 67,Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29252.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29252_08634a15c0c03406d8da95bc7068ae35.pdf} } @article { author = {Ragab, Eman}, title = {The possible protective effect of vitamin C on monosodium glutamate induced renal toxicity in male albino rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {386-397}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28760}, abstract = {Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a food additive to improve the taste of food. Despite its taste stimulation and appetite enhancement, some reports indicated that MSG is toxic and induce an oxidative stress. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a natural antioxidant that prevents the excess production of free radicals.Aim of the work: Our aim was to study the toxicological effect of MSG on the renal cortex of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible role of ascorbic acid as a protective agent.Materials and methods: Forty adult albino rats were divided equally into four groups. Group I was the control group; group II received ascorbic acid intraperitonial injection (500 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks; group III rats were intraperitonial injected with monosodium glutamate (4mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks; and in group IV, rats were injected intraperitonially with ascorbic acid (500 mg/kg/day) for one week then followed by 4 weeks treated with monosodium glutamate and ascorbic acid as the same previous dose. At the end of the experiment, specimens from the kidney were taken and prepared for HandE, immunohistochemical stain and electron microscopic studies.Results: MSG induced degenerative changes in renal tubules as destruction in epithelial cell, loss of the brush border, exfoliated cellular debris in lumen of some tubules. Interstitial cells infiltration and blood vessels congestion were also noticed. There were signs of apoptosis as well as significant increase in caspase 3 antibodies expression. These changes were ameliorated by protective using of the ascorbic acid.Conclusion: MSG caused an apparent kidney injury on the histological, immumohistochemical and ultrastructure level. The ascorbic acid can ameliorate these effects.}, keywords = {Monosodium glutamate ascorbic acid antioxidant immunohistochemical}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29254.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29254_c04d1889f7398e060f06bd62e6b6860f.pdf} } @article { author = {Faheem,, Nermeen and Elsaid, Amgad}, title = {Amelioration of Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles induced injury on the cerebellum of the adult mice by a hydromethanolic root extract of Withania Somnifera}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {399-410}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28761}, abstract = {Introduction: Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have potential risks to human health. They were able to enter brain to be detected in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus. Withania somnifera (WS) improve rotenone induced damage in cerebellum.Aim of the work: To study the effects of oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles on the cerebellum and the protective role of hydromethanolic root extract of WS (Egyptian Ashwaghandha).Material and Methods: Seventy five adult male albino mice were divided into five groups (N=15): group 1 (control), group 2 (gum acacia group), and group 3 (WS root extract group) recieved orally hydromethanolic WS root extract (500 mg/kg) once daily, group 4 (TiO2 nanoparticles group) recieved orally TiO2 nanoparticles (150 mg/ Kg), dissolved in gum acacia solution once daily, group 5 (TiO2 nanoparticles + WS root extract group). After sixty days, Sections from the cerebellum were prepared and stained with HandE, Cresyl violet stain as well as Immunohistological stains for nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and GFAP. Morphometrical and statistical analyses were performed.Results: In TiO2 nanoparticles group, cerebellum showed disrupted purkinje cells with marked degenerative changes, decreased Nissl granules in Purkinje cells, vacuolations in all layers of the cerebellar cortex and dilated congested capillaries in white matter. The number of the Purkinje cell were decreased while GFAP positive astrocytes were increased. Decreased nNOS immunostaining in cortical layers, while the iNOS immunostaining increased and increased eNOS immunostaining in capillary endothelial cells were detected. Administration of the hydromethanolic WS root extract improved the altered cerebellar morphology with significant statistical improvement in purkinje cell and astrocyte count.Conclusion: TiO2 nanoparticles oral administration induced toxic effects and WS contains active ingredients that counteract these effects.}, keywords = {Cerebellum,Mice,TiO2 nanoparticles,withania somnifera}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29256.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29256_14f7820ed14ad0972d9ae41b574472b8.pdf} } @article { author = {Yousef, Asmaa and Hulail, Mohey and Ahmad, Enssaf}, title = {Ginger ‘S Role in A Hepatic Lead Toxicity Model}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {411-418}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28762}, abstract = {Background: Lead toxicity is a multi-organ risk. It represents a worldwide threat for a very long time ago due to its unavoidable exposure near industrial areas although of all precautions applied. Ginger proved to have an antioxidant effect through its chemical components and so it is adopted in many therapeutic forms.Aim of the study: This study was to explore the proposed protective effect of ginger on hepatic vascular changes and toxicity resulting from environmental exposure to lead.Material and methods: Thirty-two adult male albino rats (weighs 150–200gm) were used in the present study for 8 weeks. The animals were divided into four groups. Group I is a –ve control group received distilled water only by gavage, group II is a +ve control group received 500mg/kg BW ginger in distilled water by gavage, group III was treated with 60mg/kg BW lead acetate (LA) by gavage and group IV was treated by both doses of LA and ginger with gavage. After 8 weeks, animals of all groups were sacrificed and their livers were dissected, weighed and finally processed for light microscopic; HandE and immunohistochemical studies using the anti-apoptotic Bcl2 Immuno-staining.Results: In the HandE and immune stained liver slides, the destructive effect of lead toxicity on liver of group III was obvious. Marked loss of the normal liver architecture with variable hepatocellular changes, necrotic foci and marked vascular affection were detected. These were mostly un-recognized in those rats co-treated with ginger (group IV) that showed almost a normal liver architecture with slightly dilated central veins. This proved to be of statistical significance when compared among the four groups.Conclusion: Ginger proved statistically to be protective to both vascular and parenchymatous architecture in cases of hepatic lead toxicity.}, keywords = {antioxidant,Bcl-2 Immunohistochemical,hepatocytes,hepatic vasculature,protective,portal area}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29257.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29257_569d7586dbac9cb006c607ecfa85df65.pdf} } @article { author = {Mousa, Mostafa and Khalil, Noha and Kora, Mohamed and El-Gohary, Nawal}, title = {Immunohistochemical evaluation of the pituitary gland of carp as a source of hormones needed to stimulate spawning in marine fish}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {419-430}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Several hormonal types, including pituitary hormones of common carp, were used for induced spawning in marine fish.Aim of the work: The aim of this study is to evaluate the hormonal content of the pituitary gland for different types of carp fish, used to stimulate spawning in marine fish, by using immunohistochemical technique.Material and methods: In this study, the pituitary glands of mature males and females in three types of carp; common carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), were selected for evaluation as a source of hormones. In this regard, these pituitaries were immunohistochemically stained using corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), gonadotropin hormones IIβ (GTH IIβ) and somatolactin hormone (SL).Results: The results showed that the pituitary gland of silver carp had higher immunoreactivity; the number, size, and immunostaining of GTH IIβ and SL hormones than those of common carp and grass carp. The integrated optical density (IOD) of immunoreactivity of the two hormones in silver carp was significantly higher than those of common carp and grass carp. However, the immunoreactivity of stress-response hormones; CRF and ACTH in silver carp was significantly lower than those of common carp and grass carp; since lower number and size of ACTH-immunoreactive cells were obtained. Furthermore, significantly lower IOD of both CRF and ACTH were obtained in silver carp.Conclusion: It could be concluded that the use of the pituitary gland of silver carp was effective to stimulate the spawning of mullets and less expensive.}, keywords = {economic efficiency,Hormone,Liza ramada,Spawning}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29258.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29258_9bc1d24273a1f815ecf5c66013cc57ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Heba and Meligy, Fatma}, title = {The possible protective Effects of Alfa Lipoic Acid on Diethanolamine-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {431-444}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.3929.1010}, abstract = {Background: Diethanolamine (DEA) is an organic agent, used in cosmetic preparations and has been shown to cause degenerative changes in the kidney. Alfa lipoic acid (ALA) is a disulfide natural compound with established antioxidant effects.Aim of the work: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the protective role of ALA on the renal histological structure of DEA-treated rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were equally classified into three groups: a control group receiving distilled water, DEA-treated group receiving DEA (425mg/kg/b.w) orally six days/week for two weeks and DEA+ALA -treated group receiving ALA(100 mg/kg/b.w.) simultaneously with the same dose of DEA for the same duration. The specimens were obtained from the kidney and processed for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Morphometric studies and statistical analysis were performed.Results: Light microscopic examination of DEA-treated rats showed disturbed renal architecture, increased glomerular size, widened Bowman's space and cell debris in the lumen of the tubules. Congested interstitial blood capillaries and loss of the brush border in some proximal convoluted epithelial cells were also noticed. Ultrastructural examination following DEA administration showed thickened glomerular basement membrane and electron-dense podocytes with fusion of their feet-processes. The tubular lining cells showed electron-dense mitochondria with distorted cristae and loss of cytoplasmic organelles and nuclear heterochromatin. Moreover, DEA administration induced intense cytoplasmic expression of caspase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The administration of ALA in DEA-treated rats significantly improved the histological and immunohistochemical changes in renal corpuscles and proximal and distal convoluted tubules, compared to DEA-treated rats.Conclusion: It could be concluded that ALA protects the kidney against the damaging effects induced by DEA.}, keywords = {Alpha lipoic acid,diethanolamine,kidney,Rats,Ultrastructure}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29259.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29259_4d6ba605e937dd229dcc54e272b6fa7f.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Dalia and Ahmed, Samah}, title = {Donepezil Improves Histological and Biochemical Changes in the Hippocampus of Adult Hypothyroid Male Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {445-458}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.3807.1008}, abstract = {Introduction: Hormonal imbalances are involved in many related pathologies, such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Adult hypothyroidism is a prevalent condition in humans with an incidence of 8% in the adult population and could impair learning and memory processes. Even though tetra-iodothyronine (T4) treatment can overcome the hypothyroidism in the majority of cases, it cannot fully recover the patient’s learning capacity and memory. Donepezil (DON) was a cholinesterase inhibitor, that can effectively improve the cognitive and memory impairments.Aim of work: This work analyzed the histological and biochemical changes in the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis (CA1) region occurring in experimental hypothyroidism and assessed the possible role of Donepezil in such condition.Materials and Methods: Forty eight healthy adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups; Group I (control group), rats of group II were subjected to thyroidectomy, Group III (thyroid-supplemented) and Group IV (combined DON+thyroxin). The hippocampus (CA1 region) sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Cresyl fast violet. Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), P53 and calretinin and electron microscopic examination were also done. The results were statistically analyzed.Results: Hippocampus of hypothyroid adult rats displayed increased apoptosis in neurons and astrocytes with reactive gliosis as compared with controls. Moreover, the oxidative stress markers increased. Thyroid replacement induced some improvement, however DON could improve some of alterations to be similar to normal.Conclusion: Our data concluded that adult hypothyroidism affects the hippocampus by a mechanism that alters the composition of GFAP, reduced neuronal and astrocyte survival, and alters the content of oxidative redox. Thyroxin replacement improved the structural alterations within limits. However combined thyroxin with DON could improve almost all of the biochemical and histological alterations.}, keywords = {Donepezil,Hippocampus,histology,hypothyroid,rat}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29260.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29260_e4d1cda2a93155e25b8ab8ea8bdab0cd.pdf} } @article { author = {Ismail, Dalia and Aboulkhair, Alshaymaa}, title = {Histological Evaluation of the Emerging Role of Adipose Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes in Cutaneous Wound Healing in Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {459-472}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.4507.1015}, abstract = {Prolonged healing and scar formation are two major challenges in treating wounds, resulting in physical, mental and socioeconomic burden to the affected subjects. Exosomes (Exos) are naturally secreted vesicles playing a vital role in the transfer of RNA to neighboring or distant recipient cells and there are numerous on-going studies on their role of in tissue regeneration and wound healing.Aim of the work: Evaluation of the efficiency of Exos derived from adipose stem cells on cutaneous wound healing in adult male albino rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty-four rats were divided into three groups; Group I: control. Group II: a dorsal cut wound (1.5 × 1.5 cm) was done to each rat. Group III: the same wound was done and rats were injected with 200μ PKH26-labeled Exos intravenously. Rats were sacrificed after 21 days. Skin sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HandE), Mallory's trichrome and orcein stains, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Ki67 immunohistochemical stains.Results: Skin sections from group II showed scar formation, lost epidermal layers and hair follicles. There was significant increase in collagen fibers and α-SMA immunoreaction, with significant decrease in elastic fibers and Ki67 immunoexpression compared to the control. In group III, the skin revealed almost normal histology, significant decrease in collagen fibers and α-SMA, with significant increase in elastic fibers and Ki67 immunoreaction compared to group II.Conclusion: Exos injection has demonstrated a beneficial effect on cutaneous wound healing and could prevent scar formation in adult male albino rats.}, keywords = {Cutaneous Scar,exosomes,myofibroblast,skin Wound,Wound healing}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29261.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29261_08d75f835bfc54a292e7d0e63a9396c4.pdf} } @article { author = {Saleh, Mohamed and El-Badry, Mohamed and Amer, Ayman and ismail, omnia}, title = {A Histological and an Immunohistochemical Study on the Effects of Iron Overdose on the Basal Ganglia of the Adult Albino Rat}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {473-486}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.29262}, abstract = {Background: Iron is the most abundant element on earth and an essential metal for life. It is used extensively by proteins involved in the electron transport chain, the active centers of many enzymes and oxygen transport. It is essential for the adequate development and functioning of the brain. The regulation of the iron metabolism is crucial since both the iron deficiency and the iron overload can cause a disease.Aim of the Work: To detect the effects of iron exposure during the postnatal period on the putamen, the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra in adult albino rats.Material and Methods: A total number of twenty albino rats were used in the study. They were equally divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received tap water orally. The experimental group received 15 mg/kg of ferrous gluconate orally. The regimen started at postnatal day 12 and continued until three months old. The rats were anaesthetized and the brains were extracted. The specimens from the fixed brains were dissected and processed for the light and the electron microscopic examination. Morphometric measurements were also done.Results: The light microscopic study of the treated group revealed neurons of putamen had dense darkly stained nuclei and vacuolations appeared within the neuropil. Wide spaces between darkly stained neurons of the subthalamic nucleus were detected. The neuropil of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) had many vacuoles and most of the neurons had darkly stained nuclei. Immunohistochemistry of the putamen using anti-TH demonstrated a reduction of TH expression in a patchy manner. Immunohistochemistry of SNc showed a weak TH immunoreactivity in the neuropil of the treated group and a reduction in the number of TH immunopositive neurons in comparison with the control group. The electron microscopic study of the SNc and putamen of the treated group showed degeneration of the mitochondria, vacuolization of the cytoplasm, heterochromatic nuclei with irregular outline and marked loss of cell organelles in the cytoplasm. Morphometric studies revealed a significant reduction in the cell count and surface area of the neurons in SNc and putamen of the treated group in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: Iron overdose during postnatal period produces degeneration of the putamen, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra in the adult albino rat.}, keywords = {albino rat,iron,putamen,Substania nigra,Subthalamic nucleus}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29262.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29262_eca527372418ca4785f3a322996187c0.pdf} } @article { author = {Bashandy, Manar and badawy khair, nadia}, title = {Ischemia–reperfusion induced injury of rat ovary and the possible protective effect of amlodipine: Histological, immunohistochemial and biochemical study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {487-502}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.3445.1006}, abstract = {Introduction: Ovarian torsion constitutes a gynecologic surgical emergency. However, early diagnosis of torsion may help to detorsion of the affected ovary and to preserve the fertility. Conservative therapy may lead to local and systemic deteriorating effects on the viability of the detorsioned ovary.Aim: The present study was done to evaluate the possible protective effect of amlodipine on ischemia and ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced ovarian injury in a rat model using histological, immuno-histolochemical, biochemical and morphometric studies.Material and Methods: Forty adult female albino rats were used. They were equally divided into five groups. Group 1: Sham operation (control). Group 2: (ischemia) 3 hours duration of ischemia. Group 3: (ischemia/reperfusion) same as group 2 followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Group 4: (ischemia and amlodipine) 5 mg amlodipine given orally one hour before ischemia then 3 hours of ischemia. Group 5: (ischemia, re-perfusion and amlodipine) 2 hours of ischemia then 5 mg amlodipine given orally then 3 hours of reperfusion. Then ovarian removal was performed and subjected to histological, immuno-histolochemical , biochemical and morphometric studies.Results: In ischemia and (I/R) groups, the ovaries revealed exfoliation and desquamation of granulosa cells into the follicular cavity of degenerated follicles, with karyolysis and karyorrhexis of the oocyte nucleus, Congested dilated vessels, hyaline degeneration and vacuolation in the interstitial region, Massive cellular infiltrate, hemosiderin deposits and massive hemorrhage of the ovarian stroma. There was positive immunoreactivity for PECAM-I and CD68 and negative for estrogen receptor immunostain. Both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations were significantly decreased while malondialdehyde MDA (LPO) concentration was significantly increased in ischemia and I/R groups as compared with the other groups. Amlodipine addition improves both histological findings and biochemical valuesConclusion: Amlodipine attenuates ischemia and (I/R) induced ovarian tissue injury}, keywords = {amlodipine,exfoliation,hemorrhage,ischemia,reperfusion}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29263.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29263_c4ab35ffcddb132a10554d2ee2529919.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Mohsen, Abeer and Salama, Nagla and Rashed, Laila and Farag, Eman and Abdel Hameed, Asmaa}, title = {A Comparative Histological Study on the Effect of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells versus Their Conditioned Medium on Indomethacin Induced Enteritis in Adult Female Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {503-519}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.29264}, abstract = {Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic complex immune-inflammatory disorder with increasing prevalence and inadequate conventional treatment.Aim of work: Evaluating the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) versus ADSC-conditioned medium (CM) in a rat model of enteritis (CD).Materials and Methods: Fifty-six female albino rats were used, 16 rats served as control (group I). In the remaining 40 rats, enteritis was induced by SC injection of 2 doses of indomethacin 7.5 mg/kg, on days 0 and1 of the experiment. After 10 days, rats were divided equally into 5 groups: Groups II and III received no further treatment and sacrificed at days 10 and 24 respectively. Groups IV,VandVI with ADSCs (1×106 cells, IV single dose ), ADSC-CM (0.5mlintraperitoneal (IP), 5 doses) and DMEM (0.5ml IP, 5 doses) respectively; they were all sacrificed at day 24. Ileum specimens were stained with HandE, Masson's trichromeandAlcian blue/ PAS stains as well as MMP1 and PCNA immunostains.Morphometric measurements of area % of collagen and MMP1, number of goblet cells and PCNA positive cells as well as optical density of Alcian blue/ PAS reaction were taken and statistically analyzed.Results: Groups II, III and VI revealed obvious damage of villi and crypts, desquamation of epithelium, oedema and obvious mononuclear cellular infiltration together with significant decrease in number of goblet cells and PCNA +ve cells as well as in the optical density of Alcian blue/ PAS reaction and significant increase in the area % of collagen (in groups IIIandVI) and MMP1 as compared to control. Groups IV and V nearly regained the normal histological structure of villi and crypts.Conclusion: ADSC-CM was as effective as ADSCs in reducing tissue fibrosis and in enhancing proliferation and mucosal regeneration in a rat model of enteritis (CD).}, keywords = {ADSCs,conditioned medium,crohn’s disease,Enteritis,Indomethacin}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29264.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29264_21951524e123fd9149bbf8c7aeb8ec5a.pdf} } @article { author = {Isaac, Mary and Saad, Shereen}, title = {Effect of Formaldehyde Inhalation on the Structure of Cerebellar Cortex of Adult Male Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {520-532}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28765}, abstract = {Introduction: Formaldehyde (FA) exposure is a widely growing worldwide problem. It is not only confined to outdoor occupational exposure but extends indoors owing to the domestic use of multiple FA containing materials. Many FA induced neurological adverse effects have been reported. The cerebellum, being a part of the nervous system responsible for coordination, fine movements and motor learning, thus its affection may cause hazardous effects.Aim of work: to study the effect of FA exposure on the cerebellar cortical tissue and the possible reversibility of these effects upon withdrawal.Materials and methods: thirty adult male albino rats, aging 4-6 months and weighing 200 - 250 gms, were used in this study. Animals were divided equally into three groups; Group I: control group. Group II: subjected to 10 % FA inhalation for 8 hours/day, 6 days/week for four weeks. Group III: subjected to FA inhalation for the same duration as group II then left for another four weeks without exposure. At the end of the experiment for each group, specimens were collected and processed for light and electron microscopic examination and morphometric studies.Results: Examination of sections of group II revealed significant decrease in thickness of both molecular and granular layers. Purkinje layer showed multiple focal areas of loss, dark irregular cells with highly significant decrease in diameter and marked ultrastructural abnormalities. However, group III showed insignificant increase in thickness of molecular and granular layers. Purkinje layer exhibited irregular alignment of cells, areas of focal loss and others with multi-layering. Purkinje neurons varied widely in shape, size and ultrastructural findings with insignificant increase in their mean diameter. Increased neuroglial cells was also noted in groups II and III.Conclusion: Formaldehyde inhalation might cause irreversible insult to the cerebellar cortex, thus avoidance or limitation of exposure is highly recommended.}, keywords = {Cerebellum,exposure,Formaldehyde,recovery}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29265.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29265_dffa898c8ece68fec7fcd11c5b0b667e.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashem, Heba}, title = {The possible protective role of melatonin on the changes in the cerebral cortex and meninges of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in adult male albino rats (histological and immunohistochemical study)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {533-545}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.4916.1019}, abstract = {disorders in the central nervous systems. It induces alterations in the brain glucose metabolism and increase oxidative stress. Melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and stimulates the major antioxidant enzymes.Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the possible protective role of melatonin on the histological changes in the cerebral cortex and meninges after induction of diabetes in a rat model.Materials and Methods: In this study, forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups (ten rats for each): Group I control rats, group II rats received intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg, single dose), group III rats received intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg/kg/d) for six weeks, group IV received same previous doses of of STZ and melatonin for six weeks. At the end of experiment, the cerebral cortex was dissected and processed for light microscopic examinations and also for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) to demonstrate the astrocytes. Morphometrical and statistical analyses were carried out.Results: Examination of cerebral cortex of group II showed separation of the pia mater, congestion in the blood vessels and hemorrhage in intermediate lamella. There were multifocal histological changes and depletion of the cellular elements. The neuropil showed vacuolation. There were multiple areas of microinfarction and pericellular halos. Cresyl Violet stained sections showed karyolysis and immunohistochemical study showed significant increase in GFAP positive astrocytes. In contrary, Examination of cerebral cortex of group IV showed apparent improvement in almost all layers. Cresyl Violet stained sections showed darkly stained Nissel’s granules. Immunohistochemical study showed significant decrease in GFAP positive astrocytes.Conclusion: Melatonin can ameliorate the effect of diabetes on the cerebral cortex and meninges through its antioxidant effect.}, keywords = {cerebral cortex,karyolysis,Melatonin,streptozotocin}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29266.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29266_85a29e598f5bf390bc4dd821ced7b417.pdf} } @article { author = {Salama,, Rasha and Faried, Manar}, title = {Possible protective effect of pomegranate peel powder on lung injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {546-558}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28766}, abstract = {Introduction: Multi-organ failure with life-threatening sequel occurs in a variety of surgical practices as a result of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.Aim of work: In this study, more light is thrown on the histological lung changes induced by skeletal muscle I/R with reference to their underlying mechanisms and to determine, for the first time, the protective role of pomegranate peel powder on the lung injury induced by skeletal muscle I/R.Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were divided equally into three groups: sham control group, I/R group and I/R group pretreated with pomegranate peel powder (500 mg/kg dissolved in distilled water twice daily orally for 10 days). At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained to assess serum malondialdehyde (MDA) then lung specimens were processed for routine histological examination and detection of collagen deposition. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of neutrophils infiltration, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediator and Bcl2, an anti-apoptotic marker, were detected immunohistochemically.Results: Loss of general architecture of the lung tissues, massive inflammatory infiltrate, emphysema, edema, congested blood vessels, thickened inter-alveolar septa, destruction of some alveoli, disorganization and focal sloughing of the bronchial epithelium in addition to increased collagen deposition were detected in I/R group. Oxidative stress in the form of significant increase of MDA level in addition to up-regulation of both MPO and TGF-β and down-regulation of Bcl2 were implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury induced by skeletal muscle I/R. Pomegranate peel powder significantly ameliorated these damaging effects through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-apoptotic effects.Conclusion: Pretreatment of rats with pomegranate peel protected the lungs against skeletal muscle I/R injury.}, keywords = {Ischemia-reperfusion,lung,Pomegranate peel}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29267.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29267_c1bec0f4c6538657cfa2495566728d76.pdf} } @article { author = {elbakary, reda and Sadek, Mona}, title = {Possible Protective Effect of Propolis on Cardiac Muscle Injury Induced by Liver Fibrosis in Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological Study}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {559-569}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2019.28767}, abstract = {Introduction: Most chronic liver diseases lead to cirrhotic cardiomyopathy that occurs as a late complication in 56% of the hepatic patients. Propolis is considered as a tonic that increases the body resistance to aging. It also decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis.Aim of the work: was to study the possible protective role of propolis on the histological changes occurred in cardiac muscle secondary to liver fibrosis.Materials and Methods: 40 healthy male albino rats were randomly divided into 4groups including: control group (group I), propolis treated group (group II) given 20mg propolis once daily orally for 4 weeks, (group III) received 0.2 ml/100 gm carbon tetrachloride by subcutaneous injection for 4 weeks and (group IV) received both carbon tetrachloride and propolis at the same dose of group IIand III for the same period. At the end of the experiment, all the rats were sacrificed, and cardiac muscle was obtained and processed for light and electron microscopic examination.Results: Group III revealed widely separated cardiomyocytes with excessive connective tissue nuclei between them. Cytoplasmic vacuolations and marked fibrillolysis were observed. Cellular infiltration and dilated blood vessels were found. Excessive collagen fibers were detected by Mallory stain. Ultrastructural changes included irregular sarcomeres, interrupted intercalated disks, degenerated mitochondria and dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum. Group IV showed partial improvement with regular arrangement of cardiac fibers and sarcomeres.Conclusions: Use of propolis partially improved the histological changes that occurred in the cardiac muscle as a result of liver fibrosis.}, keywords = {cardiac muscle,Liver fibrosis,Propolis,rat}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29268.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29268_d1aecf1a4f9787937707361a8d39fa34.pdf} } @article { author = {Nada, Samir and El-Deeb, Dalia and AboulKhair, Alshaymaa and Hosny, Sara Adel}, title = {A histological Study Comparing the Possible Protective Mechanisms of Oxytocin and Vitamin E on ischemia reperfusion injury in Rat skeletal muscle}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {570-581}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.5067.1021}, abstract = {Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in skeletal muscle is a pathophysiology which affect quality of life.Aim of Work: To compare the possible protective mechanisms by which oxytocin and Vitamin E may exert on skeletal muscle IR injury in rat.  Materials and Methods: 28 male rats were divided into: Control (Group A) of 10 rats and IR group (Group B) of 18 rats. Control group underwent the same surgical steps as IR group but without clamping the femoral artery followed by the injection of one of the following [saline (AI), oxytocin (AII) or vitamin E (AIII)]. In the IR group, lower limb ischemia was induced by clamping the femoral artery. After 4h of ischemia, the clamp was removed to allow reperfusion coinciding with the injection of one of the following [saline (BI), Oxytocin (0.5μg/kg) (BII) and Vitamin E (10mg/kg) (BIII)]. After 2 hours of reperfusion, Blood samples were drawn from the femoral vein to measure glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Gastrocnemius muscles were obtained for evaluation by light and electron microscopes. Cytochrome C, Myogenin immunohistochemistry and statistical analysis were applied.Results: A significant increase in GSH and significant decrease in MDA were reported in BII and BIII as compared to BI. Mean area % of cytochrome C in BII and BIII showed a significant decrease compared to BI. Mean number of myogenin immunopositive cells in BII was significantly higher compared to BI. Muscular damage was proved by light and electron microscopic findings in BI. While, BII and BIII encountered evident protection from muscular damage induced by IR injury.  Conclusion: Oxytocin exerts weak protective antioxidant effect against IR injury. However, it activates stem cells to regenerate the damaged muscle.  Vitamin E was better antioxidant which can react as early as 1 hour in the protection of the skeletal muscle against IR injury.}, keywords = {Ischemia reperfusion,myogenin,oxytocin,skeletal muscle,Vitamin E}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29269.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29269_2676ff5cb8556443dcf9204e08ad64cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Gawish, Magdy and Mazen, Nehad and hassen, ebtehal and Adbelhady, Mai}, title = {Light and Electron Microscopic Study on the Possible Ameliorative Role of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Diabetic Retinopathy in Adult Male Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Histology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {582-596}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Histology and Cytology in Cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).}, issn = {1110-0559}, eissn = {2090-2417}, doi = {10.21608/ejh.2018.4129.1011}, abstract = {Introduction: Stem cell-based therapies have the potential effectivity in many human diseases including retinal disorders. They have been proven to be safe and effective in a wide range of immune-mediated diseases.Aim of the work: To investigate the effectiveness of ADMSCs in the prevention of retinal damage after induction of diabetes.Material and methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into three groups; Group I: subdivided into negative and positive control. Group II: received a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg), freshly dissolved in 0.9% saline solution. Blood glucose levels were measured two days after STZ injection, and rats with glucose levels ≥ 250 mg/dl were considered diabetic and used in the study. Group III: received STZ, in the same previous dose, then the diabetic rats were injected intravenously with 0.5 ml ADMSCs (1×107 cells/ml) suspended in phosphate-buffered saline. After four weeks, retinal specimens were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical studies.Results: The retina of STZ-treated group showed poorly-developed basal infoldings of RPE cells, distorted lamellar discs of photoreceptor outer segments, loss of cellular elements in the outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer, and apoptosis. After ADMSCs administration, there was improvement in the retinal structure. There was highly significant decrease in the area percent of caspase-3 in cells of all retinal layers, compared to the diabetic group, and no difference was found when compared with the control group.Conclusion: ADMSCs was proved to be effective in the prevention of retinopathy in experimentally-induced diabetic rat model. This might represent a valuable tool for stem cell-based therapy in the future.}, keywords = {Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells,Caspase-3,diabetes,rat,retina}, url = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29270.html}, eprint = {https://ejh.journals.ekb.eg/article_29270_3613ad3fd18ebca172b47a48b9af7bbd.pdf} }